8 



BULLETIN 245, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



The results given in Table II show a 97 and 98 per cent larvicidal 

 action with the two stronger solutions, and in the case of the 1 to 200 

 dilution two cages showed a 99 per cent and one an 80 per cent 

 larvicidal action. The 1 to 50 and 1 to 100 strengths showed an 

 increased number of bacteria. The amount of water-soluble nitrogen 

 and ammonia is noticeably increased in the manure treated with the 

 strongest solution of- aniline, with no apparent action on the bacteria. 

 The increases of the water-soluble nitrogen and ammonia are proba- 

 bly due to nitrogen in the aniline added. Aniline, among other sub- 

 stances, was tried in some cage experiments at New Orleans, the 

 results of which are given in Table III. 



Table III.- — Destruction of fly larvae in horse manure. Results with, aniline, hellebore, 

 and nitrobenzene; cage experiments at New Orleans, La., 1914- 



Series. 



Treatment of 8 bushels of manure, using 10 gallons of liquid. 



10?] B 

 |C 



losfe 

 Id 

 f A 



10& B 



lc 



110 {b 



f A 



HUB 



lc 



(A 



Jb 



c 

 Id 



f A 



113-m 



lc 

 Mb 



112{ 



Aniline, 1-200. 

 Aniline, 1-400. 

 do 



Hellebore, ground, i pound to 10 gallons water . 

 do 



Hellebore, ground, J pound to 10 gallons water. 

 do. 



Nitrobenzene, 1 pound, and J pound fish-oilsoap to 10 gallons water. . 



....do 



Nitrobenzene, § pound, and \ pound fish-oil soap to 10 gallons water. 



Control (water only) 



do 



Aniline, 1-200 . 

 Aniline, 1-400. 

 do. 



Hellebore, ground, A pound to 10 gallons water. 



do : 



Hellebore, ground, \ pound to 10 gallons water. 

 .do. 



Nitrobenzene, 1 pound, and £ pound fish-oil soap to 10 gallons water. 



do 



Nitrobenzene, § pound, and \ pound fish-oil soap to 10 gallons water. 



Control (water only) 



do 



Flies 

 emerged. 



Number. 



3,738 



6,030 



5,070 



1,122 



820 



1,130 



874 



3,390 



1,692" 



1,319 



1,085 



5,888 



5,076 



12,667 



12.309 



11,S03 



17,197 



20, 067 



17,838 



2,395 



12 



9,678 



19,366 



IS, 838 



Larvae in 

 drip pans. 



Number. 

 2,380 

 12,853 

 9,856 

 4,034 

 4,567 

 1,285 

 1,930 

 2,985 

 3,647 

 2,042 

 560 

 4,835 

 4,462 

 8,296 

 19,675 

 10, 794 

 8,179 

 9,315 

 268 

 10, 132 

 211 

 11,165 

 11,419 

 10,726 



The cages were the ones used the previous year and, as the figures 

 show, large numbers of larvae escaped. Apparently these results 

 show a low larvicidal effect of aniline, but since the condition of the 

 cages was unsatisfactory they should not be compared with the 

 others, especially as they are the only ones, either in cages or open 

 piles, where poor results with aniline were obtained. 



Open-pile experiments at New Orleans, using a 1 to 200 dilution of 

 aniline, killed 85 and 99 per cent of the fly maggots (Table IV, series 

 46, A and B) ; 1 to 400 dilutions in two piles gave 79 and 83 per cent 

 larvicidal effect (Table V, series 41, C and D); and two piles treated 

 with aniline, 1 to 500, showed an 84 per cent destruction of larvae 

 (Table V, series 49, A and B). 



