24 



BULLETIN 331, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



For instance, during 1913, in the carefully handled fruit in the 15-day 

 withdrawal lot, the immediately precooled fruit showed 1.1 per 

 cent of decay, as against 6 per cent in the fruit delayed prior to cool- 

 ing. At the end of a 4-day holding period the fruit immediately 

 precooled showed 3.8 per cent of decay, as against 12.8 per cent in 

 the decayed precooled fruit. The data are equally consistent through- 

 out and emphasize again the absolute necessity of handling the fruit 

 from the tree to the car or the precooling plant with the utmost 

 rapidity consistent with care in all operations. 



IMMEDIATE 

 PRECOOLING 





DELAYED 2 DAYS 



BEFORE PRE COOLING 



JO 25 .20 15-10 D- 



ON WITHDRAWAL 



P£fZ CB/vr DECAV 



S 10 l& 20 20 25 



,."..• j 1 | 1 | 



i • .!■•■•■■ | ' T' ' 



■ Z7 



TEN DAYS IN CAR 



44 HB9 



:— \*z 



FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 



4.8 (PIS 



FOUR DAYS AFTER WITHDRAWAL 



59 7S TEN DAYS IN CAR 

 iliiiilJ *B FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 



SIX DAYS AFTER WITHDRA 



io.5 BWiWiH^B 



' &7 IMilli 



WAL 



Hp^ IS 



TEN DAYS IN CAR 

 FIFTEEN DAYS IN CAR 



ii i [~ " 



llWllllllllllilllllllllllll|ll >°<a 



.3SIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII1IIIIIIII 







Pig. 10. — Diagram illustrating the percentages of decay in commercially handled prunes 

 immediately precooled and those delayed two days before precooling, Salem, Oreg., 

 1911. 



TaA,e IX.— Decay in prunes immediately precooled and in those delayed two 

 days in the warehouse before precooling, in carefully handled and commer- 

 cially handled lots, Willamette Valley, seasons of 1911 and 1913. 





Treatment, time factors, and extent of decay (per cent). 





Carefully handled. 



Commercially handled. 





Season of 1911. 



Season of 1913. 



Season of 1911. 



Time of inspection. 



Immedi- 

 ately 

 cooled. 



Delayed 2 



days before 



cooling. 



Immedi- 

 ately 

 cooled. 



Delayed 2 



days before 



cooling. 



Immedi- 

 ately 

 cooled. 



Delayed 2 



days before 



cooling. 





&! 



o 



J} 



03 £: 

 TJ-3 



■3 . 



^ 03 



o 



Ji 



o 



Ji 



3 . 



fe 03 



o 



Ji 



^ 03 

 in 



Ji 



^ 03 



03 g 



o 



isg 



-Org 

 lO 



Ji 



^"ol 



■Org 



o 







0.1 



1.8 

 2.9 



0.2 



.6 



2.3 



1.3 

 1.4 



4.2 



0.4 



.6 



4.1 



0.4 

 1.7 



3.4 



1.1 



3.8 

 7.6 



2.1 

 6.7 

 12.2 



6.0 

 12.8 

 18.3 



2.7 



7.5 

 4.8 



4.2 

 7.5 

 10.8 



4.4 

 10.5 

 14.1 



4.8 



4 days after withdrawal 



6 days after withdrawal 



8.7 

 13.5 



RELATION OF BROWN-KOT TO FRESH-PRUNE SHIPMENT. 



During the seasons of both 1911 and 1913, and especially during 

 the latter season, brown-rot was an important factor in determining 

 the condition of prunes in transit and on the market. A great deal 



