28 BULLETIN 331, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



The load should be protected from the sun and dust by a canvas or 

 other cover. 



In packing, the utmost care should be exercised in culling out all 

 imperfect or cracked fruit, as the inclusion of one or a few such fruits 

 in a crate tends to spoil the whole crate and depreciates the value of 

 the entire shipment. 



Where possible, it is desirable to pack and grade directly from the 

 lug box, in order to prevent the injury incident to pouring the fruit 

 out on a packing table or into a bin. 



The results of the investigations bring out strikingly the necessity 

 for prompt loading, or for prompt cooling if the fruit is precooled. 



The experiments fully demonstrate the value of precooling, pro- 

 vided it is thoroughly done. The money and time expended in pre- 

 cooling are largely wasted, however, unless the fruit is properly han- 

 dled in harvesting and promptly precooled. 



The results of the work during the shipping seasons of 1911 and 

 1913 conclusively demonstrate the necessity for more careful attention 

 to orchard-sanitation practices if fresh-fruit shipment is to become 

 uniformly successful and profitable. During seasons of adverse cli- 

 matic conditions even the utmost care in handling will not serve to 

 deliver the fruit on the market in uniformly sound condition unless 

 it has been protected against infection by brown-rot in the orchards. 



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