FARM MANAGEMENT PRACTICE OF CHESTER COUNTY, PA. 79 



47 per cent of the general average. Forty-six farms have cows that 

 produce over $90 worth of products per year and crop yields more 

 than 10 per cent above the average. Their labor incomes average 

 85 per cent above the general average. Large income per cow is 

 slightly more important in securing a profit than is large yield per 

 acre, but both are important. 



SPable XLV. 



-I'd at ions of receipts per cow and crop index to adjusted labor 

 income on 378 owner farms, Chester County. 





Receipts per cow. 



Crop index. 



60 and less. 



61 to 90. 



91 and more. 





Number 

 of farms. 



Adjusted 

 income. 



Number 

 of farms. 



Adjusted 

 income. 



Number 

 of farms. 



Adjusted 

 income. 





34 

 28 

 22 



Per cent. 

 47 

 56 

 108 



32 



57 

 36 



Per cent. 



70 



103 



136 



18 

 37 

 46 



Per cent. 

 89 



91 to 110 



148 





185 







Farms having cows that produce less than the average should pay 

 special attention to the improvement of their herds, and those which 

 have less than the average yields per acre should give special atten- 

 tion to this point. It is easier to improve poor cows than it is good 

 ones, and it is easier to increase low yields than it is high ones. It 

 is also more profitable. 



It is very rare indeed to find a farm excelling in all the factors 

 of efficiency here mentioned that does not make a good profit. Thus, 

 if a farm is devoted to a type of farming adapted to its conditions, 

 is large enough to give full employment at all seasons of the year to 

 the farmer and the labor available to him, has good yields, large 

 income per animal unit, and is adequately and economically equipped, 

 it is almost certain to be profitable. The fewer of these points in 

 which a farm excels the more difficult it is to make it profitable. 



EFFICIENCY OF FARM LABOR. 



A work unit is the average amount of work done in a day by the 

 average workman. Some men do much less and some do much more 

 than this. Some men also have their work so organized that a 

 given amount of effort accomplishes more work than the average. 

 In Table XLVI the 378 owner farms are classed according to the 

 amount of productive work accomplished per year on them by each 

 individual employed. It is assumed that the farmer himself accom- 

 plishes as much work in a year as the average of those employed on 

 his farm. The table shows that there were 22 of these farms on 

 which the average work done per individual employed is less than 

 100 ordinary days of productive work. The average labor income 

 of these farmers is $181, or $2.18 per unit of productive labor. It is 



