40 



BULLETIN" 343, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



fairly sharp stone and without an unusual expenditure of power. 

 The result is a pulp very satisfactory for news-print purposes. The 

 yield is approximately 2,060 pounds (bone dry) per hundred cubic 

 feet of solid rossed wood. This wood is usually free from knots and 



other irregularities, and has a fairly thin, 

 smooth bark. 



Amabilis fir readily grinds to a pulp suit- 

 able for news-print purposes. The color of 

 the pulp is slightly grayish, but an excellent 

 fiber can be produced with a sharp stone 

 and a reasonable amount of power. In 

 strength the pulp is about equal to that 

 obtained from spruce. The wood used in 

 the tests was split from large logs having 

 a number of good-sized knots. The yield 

 is approximately 1,870 pounds (bone dry) 

 per hundred cubic feet of solid rossed 

 wood. As in the case of red fir, the thick 

 bark of amabilis fir would result in decreas- 

 ing the yield were the latter figured on the 

 basis of a rough-piled cord. 



Lowland or grand fir can be ground on a 

 fairly sharp stone to produce pulp well adapted for news-print paper. 

 The quality is not up to that of balsam or amabilis fir, but is better 

 than that of white, alpine, or red fir. The pulp produced at the 

 laboratory had a slightly grayish cast, 



Fig. 27, 



•Amabilis fir (Abies ama- 

 bilis). 



which in some measure might be due to 

 the heart rot that was beginning to attack 

 many of the logs. The yield was approxi- 

 mately 1,950 pounds (bone dry) per hun- 

 dred cubic feet of solid rossed wood. 



Noble fir readily yields a pulp satisfac- 

 tory for news-print purposes. Like white 

 spruce, it can be ground with a wide varia- 

 tion of power consumption. The pulp has 

 a marked pinkish tinge, which is objec- 

 tionable, but the fibers are of unusual 

 length and strength, though with a ten- 

 dency to coarseness. The wood tested was 

 supplied from a large tree freshly cut and fig. ^.-Lwiand fir (4&^ gjandis). 

 was remarkably free from knots. The yield was approximately 

 1,920 pounds (bone dry) per hundred cubic feet of solid rossed 

 wood, or about 480 pounds less than that from an equal amount of 

 spruce. 



