12 BULLETIN 346, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



VI. What care will be essential the first season? 



1. Shall I attempt to secure a crop of hay the first season? 



2. What treatment will aid in the control of weeds? 



3. At what height shall the young plants be cut? 



4. Shall the clippings be removed? 



5. Will there be any advantage in disking or in any other form of cul- 



tivation? 



6. If the stand is uneven or thin will it pay to reseed? 



7. In what condition should the stand of alfalfa be left for the winter? 



8. Will it pay me to use a top-dressing of manure in the fall? 

 VII. How can I control the insect pests and diseases of alfalfa? 



1. What insect pests and diseases of alfalfa are likely to prevail in this 



district? 



2. What methods of prevention and control are most successful in 



practice? 



ORCHARD PROJECT STUDY OUTLINE. 



RENOVATION OF OLD ORCHARD — A DEMONSTRATION PROJECT. 



I. Shall I undertake to renovate an orchard as my project? 



1. Am I willing to undertake a project with little hope of immediate 



financial reward? 



2. Will it not be worth while to gain practical experience in orchard 



management? 



3. Will it not be worth while to demonstrate to the community the value 



of modern methods? 



4. May I not make arrangements whereby I may share in the future 



profits which may result from my work? 

 II. Is the orchard worth renovating? 



1. Are the trees too old? 



2. Does vigorous growth indicate a good root system? 



3. Is there a good stand of trees? 



4. Are the trees of a variety known to be profitable? 



5. Can I control all pests which may prevail? 

 III. How shall I prune the orchard? 



1. Do I understand the principles underlying the pruning of fruit 



trees? 



2. What tools will be required for my pruning work? 



3. Can I use the pruning shears with dexterity? 



4. Can I remove large limbs properly by using the saw? 



5. What time of the year shall I do my pruning? 



6. Will it be necessary to start new heads on the trees by "dehorning"? 



7. Will it be necessary to remove a great many water sprouts, suckers, 



diseased and dead branches? 



8. What treatment shall I give wounds left in removing large branches? 



9. How shall I treat the rough trunks that they may not harbor pests? 

 10. What part shall pruning play later in keeping my trees in shape and aa 



an aid toward producing fine fruit? 

 IV. How can I change the trees to a more desirable variety? 



1. Do I understand the principles underlying budding and grafting? 



2. Are my trees in such shape that top-working will be profitable? 



3. What method of top-working shall I use? 



4. Can I make a successful cleft graft? 



5. Can I do ordinary budding with dexterity? 



6. At what time of the year shall I graft or bud my trees? 



7. What variety shall I use? 



