10 BULLETIN 53^ U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUKE. 



feet, making u total surfaced area of 7,609 square yards. It was necessary to 

 grade tbe road for a distance of 500 feet to a width of 30 feet in cuts and 22 

 feet in fills, making a total graded area of 1.4S9 square yards. The surfacing 

 material was spread in three courses, which, when measured loose, were, re- 

 spectively, 6 inches, 3 inches, and 1 inch deep. The total compacted depth was 

 6 inches. The material used in the first course ranged in size from 3 inches 

 to If inches ; that used in the second course, from If inches to three-fourths 

 inch ; and that used in the third course, from three-fourths inch down to and 

 including the dust of fracture. The crown of the finished surface was three- 

 fourths inch to 1 foot. 



One thousand cubic yards of earth were excavated, 2,261 cubic yards of sur- 

 facing material were crushed, and 2,114 cubic yards used, while 24 tons of coal 

 wei'e used by the crusher and 19 tons by the roller. In constructing the under- 

 di-ains 1,575 feet of 3-inch vitrified pipe and common land tile and 55 cubic yards 

 of crushed stone were used. 



The cost of labor, teams, etc., amounted to approximately the same as in the 

 preceding section. The total cost of the road to the community was $5,071.99, 

 making the cost per square yard $0,666. 



The principal items of cost were as follows : Excavation to the extent of 1,000 

 cubic yards, at $0,141 per cubic yard, $141.15 ; shaping the subgrade, 8,676 square 

 yards, at $0,078 per square yard, $673.35; 55 cubic yards of limestone for 

 underdrains, at $2.40 per cubic yard, $132 ; 1,575 linear feet of tile, at $0,034 per 

 foot, $52.86 ; labor on the underdrains, $185.83 ; trimming the shoulders and 

 ditches, $20.95; general expenses, $292.34; quarrying 2,261 cubic yards of lime- 

 stone, at $0,551 per cubic yard, $1,247.32; hauling this stone to the crusher, at 

 $0,086 per cubic yard; $195.12 ;' crushing it at $0.12i per cubic yard, $273.08; 

 hauling 2,114 cubic yards of stone from the crusher to the road, at $0.5G3 per 

 cubic yard, $1,190.80 ; spreading it, at $0.09 per cubic yard, $190.40 ; sprinkling 

 7,609 square yards, at $0,004 per square yard, $31.40 ; rolling 7,609 square yards, 

 at $0,049 per square yard, $371.50 ; and explosives used in the quarry, $73.89. 



It is interesting to note that the cost of hauling the stone from the crusher to 

 the road, a distance of 3* miles, by means of wagons was approximately $1 

 per cubic yard, while the cost of hauling by means of the tractor outfit was only 

 about $0.21 per cubic yard. The tractor outfit, however, can not be used except 

 during dry weather. 



GRAVEL ROADS. 



JoNESBORO, Aek. — A gravel road leading from Jonesboro eastward toward the 

 State agricultural school was begun on September 23, 1912, and entirely com- 

 pleted on October 25. 3912, with the loss of 5^ days on account of unfavorable 

 weather and 3 days from other causes. The adjacent land is rolling and the 

 soil throughout the length of the road is clay. A section 3,348 feet long was 

 graded for a width of 30 feet in cuts and 24 feet in fills, giving a total area of 

 9,822 square yards. The gravel surface is 3,050 feet long and 15 feet wide, 

 making a surfaced area of 5,083 square yards. Three timber bridges having a 

 width of roadway of 16 feet were constructed, having re.spective dimensions as 

 follows: No. 1, length 8 feet 6 inches, clear span 6 feet 6 inches, and height of 

 opening 4 feet 8 inches; No. 2, length 16 feet 8 inches, clear span 15 feet, and 

 height of opening 2 feet 6 inches ; and No. 3, length 16 feet 4 inches, clear span 

 14 feet 8 inches, and height of opening 4 feet 6 inches. 



The maximum grade was reduced from 3.7 per cent to 2.5 per cent, while the 

 minimum grade remained 0.1 per cent. The maximum cut was 1.7 feet and the 

 maximum fill 1.4 feet. Two thousand and seventy cubic yards of earth was 

 excavated for an average haul of 350 feet and a maximuiB hatil of 800 feet. 



