WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOE COUNTRY HOMES. 13 



distant surface sources. Spring supplies should be frequently exam- 

 ined for pollution of any kind, and the water should be boiled before 

 drinldng, if possible, although this is not absolutely necessary in all 

 cases. 



PUMPING, STORAGE, AND DISTRIBUTION OF WATER. 



After a. pure water supply is made available the first things to be 

 considered are the quantity of water needed, choice of pumping 

 equipment, and means of storage and distribution. 



QUANTITY OF WATER NEEDED. 



The quantity of water needed depends on the power used and 

 whether the service is for the entire farm or for the house only. 

 Hand-operated systems are applicable where small quantities are 

 required for house service only, but in case water is wanted for stock 

 also the use of a windmill, engine, electric motor, or hydraulic ram 

 is necessary. If a windmill is used the storage should be large enough 

 for at least three days' supply, to provide water in case of calm 

 weather. Where the other sources of power are used the storage 

 capacity need not exceed one day's supply. The following table gives 

 approximate quantities of water required per day: 



Approximate quantities of water required per day. 



Gallons. 



Each member of the family for all purposes will require 25-40 



Each cow will require - 12 



Each horse will require 10 



Each hog will require 2| 



Each sheep will require 2 



The water consumption will vary from day to day and with the 

 seasons. Fire protection should also be considered, and in determin- 

 ing the size of tank the maximum amount likely to be required should 

 be provided. 



For a family of 6 persons a 200-gallon supply should be sufficient 

 if the water is used in the house only. On a farm where water is sup- 

 phed to a family of 6 persons, 10 horses, 12 cows, 25 hogs, and 15 

 sheep, the daily storage supply should be at least 500 gallons, with 

 whatever additional amount, if any, the farmer deems necessary 

 for fire protection. 



There are three general systems of storage and distribution which 

 may be readily applied to farm conditions, viz, the gravity, pneu- 

 matic, and autopneumatic systems. 



