WATER SUPPLY, PLUMBING, ETC., FOB COUNTRY HOMES. 25 



supply; iiiside diameter and total depth of the well; the distance 

 from the ground surface to the water level in the well ; the flow of the 

 well; the number of gallons to be pumped per hour; the relative 

 positions of the water supply and the point to which the water is to be 

 forced ; the position ui which the pump is to be placed ; one's pref- 

 erence as to pneumatic tank, elevated tank, or autopneumatic sys- 

 tem; the kind of power to be used, and whether or not power is 

 already available, such as electric motors, windmills, or gasoline 

 engines, with a com- 

 plete description of the 

 power, its revolutions 

 per minute, voltage, 

 cycles, phase, direct 

 or alternating cur- 

 rent, etc. 



Where a supply of 

 pure water may be 

 obtained in the imme- 

 diate neighborhood, 

 which is so situated 

 that a considerable 

 fall may be obtained 

 within a reasonable 

 distance, a hydraulic 

 ram may be used for 

 pumping. 



THE HYDRAULIC RAM — 

 HINTS ON INSTALLATION 

 AND OPERATION. 



The hydraulic ram 

 is a simple though 

 wasteful machine, 

 which utilizes the mo- 

 mentum of a stream of 

 water falling a small 

 height to elevate a 

 portion of that water to a greater height. A complete installation 

 consists of a drive pipe, ram, and delivery pipe, and the ram itself 

 consists of an air chamber, dash valve, delivery valve, and body pipe. 



The hydraulic ram is usually used to elevate water from a pure 

 spring. Water may be elevated from streams to stock tanks, but 

 this water should not be used for household purposes. The flow of 

 the spring should not be less than one-half gallon per minute. It 

 is necessary that there be considerable difference in elevation between 



Fig. 21.— Two types of windmill force pump: A , For shallow wells; 

 B, for deep wells. 



