WATEE SUPPLY, PLUMBIISTG, ETC., FOE COUNTEY HOMES. 31 



PLUMBING. 



IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE CONSIDERED. 



The imporfcant points to be considered in the arrangement of a 

 plumbing system are (1) durability of material and construction, and 

 (2) simplicity. Avoid any complication of pipes and arrange the 

 water pipes so as to carry the water to the point of discharge in as 

 nearly a straight line as possible. The use of lead pipe or lead-lined 

 receptacles for drinking water should be avoided in small private 

 systems. 



WATER PLUMBING. 



The main pipe from the supply tank should be about 1| inches 

 in diameter and never less than 1 inch. It leads to the kitchen 

 range and then branches. One branch conveys cold water to the 

 fixtures and the other conveys water through the heater, through the 

 hot-water tank, and thence to the hot-water fixtures. The hot- 

 water pipe should parallel the cold-water pipe but should not be so 

 close to it that the temperature of either will affect that of the other. 

 The arrangement of water pipes, hot-water tank, etc., is shown in 

 figure 14. The hot-water pipes are shown in black. All water pipes 

 should be put in with red lead and all fittings should be screwed tight. 

 The natural direction of travel of hot water is upward, and tliis should 

 be aided, in arranging the hot-water pipes, as much as possible. 



The sizes of pipes generally used for supplying water to the various 

 fixtures are given in the following t able : 





Size of water pipes in building. 







Supply branches. 



Low 

 pressure. 



High 

 pressure. 



Inches. 



4-1 

 i-i 



1-1 



Supply branches. 



Low 

 pressure. 



High 

 pressiire. 



To bath cocks 



Inches. 

 1-1 



1 

 1 -li 



To water-closet flush pipes 



To kitchen sinks 



Inches. 

 li-l| 



Inches. 



To basin cocks 





To water-closet flush tank 



To pantry sinks 



2- S 

 1- 1 



To water-closet flush valve . . . 



To slop sinks 



-J- -1 









AU water pipes should have sufficient slant to dram them back into 

 the tank or drainage system, and a drain pipe and cock should be 

 provided at the low point in the system, so that in extremely cold 

 weather the system may be drained into the sewer or drainage system 

 to prevent freezing. This necessitates a stop cock on the pressure- 

 tank outlet to prevent draining the tank. 



Pipes should be kept from the outer walls to prevent freezing, and 

 pipes located where they are in any danger whatever of freezing 

 should be boxed in sawdust or some other nonconducting material. 



Since a plentiful supply of hot water is convenient and a large 

 quantity retains heat for some time, it is well to provide a fairly large 

 hot-water tank. However, the size of boiler depends on the existing 



