2 BULLETIN 66, U. S. DEPABTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Islands — furnished nearh' 22 per cent, and the rest, amounting to 

 55 per cent, came from foreign countries dui"ing 1906-1910. 



The beet-sugar industry in the United States is not locahzed, 

 as is the cane-sugar industr}^. Beets are grown and beet sugar 

 is made in locaUties more or less scattered, m various regions extend- 

 ing all the way from Ohio to California, includmg on the north 

 Llumesota and Montana and at the south Arizona. About two- 

 thii'ds of the beet sugar made in the United States comes from the 

 factories of Cahfornia, Colorado, and ^Michigan. In 1912, the year 

 of highest production up to date, 73 factories were m operation, 

 \\-ith an average output of 9,500 short tons per factory for the cam- 

 paign. The 3^ear before, the 66 factories then in operation made an 

 average of about 9,000 tons each. The beet-sugar campaign averages 

 from 80 to 90 days a year. 



While cane is produced in considerable quantities in the Southern 

 States, especially in those bordering the GuH of Mexico, it is not 

 used for manufacture into sugar to any noteworthy extent except in 

 Louisiana and a few localities in Texas. Throughout most of the 

 cane-producing area sirup, not sugar, is made. Census returns 

 indicate that the output of cane sirup in contiguous United States 

 mcreased from 13,000,000 -gallons in 1899 to 23,000,000 gallons 

 in 1909. Molasses, a by-product of sugar making, increased from 

 12,000,000 gallons m 1899 to 25,000,000 gallons 10 years later 

 (Table 9). 



All but a small fraction of the domestic cane sugar in contiguous 

 United States comes from the southeastern quarter of Louisiana. 

 Production in this State within the past few years has exceeded 

 340,000, and even 350,000, short tons annually, showing that the 

 industry has been a progressive one, the output in earher years hav- 

 ing been much less. In 1912, however, owing to floods which injured 

 cane fields, the Louisiana production dropped to about 154,000 short 

 tons, while the number of factories in operation was only 126 as 

 compared with 188 in the previous campaign. The length of the 

 campaign was also reduced to about 30 days' actual operation in 1912 

 as compared with more than twice that time in 1911. A large part 

 of the sugar made in Louisiana factories is shipped to New Orleans, 

 most of it reaching that city about the last of December, which is 

 practically the end of the sugar-making season. During the past 

 five years more than three-fourths of the total receipts of Louisiana 

 sugar at New Orleans arrived there before the end of December. 



Data collected by the United States Department of Agriculture 

 show that in 1911 about 2,000 poimds of sugar on an average were 

 made from an acre of cane in Louisiana. This refers only to cane 

 used for sugar and does not include that used for seed, which amounts 

 to an average of about 1 acre in a total of 5, nor does it include cane 

 used for sirup making. In the same year an acre of beets, in the 



