12 BULLETIN 1009, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS. 



The data which have been collected were taken for the purpose of 

 showing the chance of occurrence of the calculated maximum vari- 

 ations in the capacity of the bottle and in the quantity of food 

 therein. Other data were also collected to show the possibilities of 

 meeting the calculated maximum variations by such temporary ex- 

 pedients as changing the height of fill or the declaration on the label. 



VARIATION IN CAPACITY OF BOTTLES. 



In order to determine the variations due exclusively to differ- 

 ence in the capacity of bottles, 22 representative glass factories lo- 

 cated in Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Xew Jersey, West Vir- 

 ginia, and Ohio were visited, and 28 sets of measurements, including 

 1,090 bottles blown by hand and by machine processes, were taken. 

 Certain conditions of blowing were prescribed before a set of bottles 

 was selected for measurement. The moulds were noted to be in 

 good repair and to have been in use at least one hour before the 

 bottles selected for measurement were blown. It was stated that 

 the glass was in good workable condition. All machines were oper- 

 ating under favorable circumstances and all blowers and gatherers 

 were journe} T men workmen. In the case of hand-blown bottles, 

 measurements were made on a set which had been blown in a 

 single mould. In the case of machine-blown bottles, a run of ma- 

 chine ware was measured. All measurements were made by pouring 

 water from a standardized graduate into the bottles. A recapitula- 

 tion of the results obtained is given in Table 3. 



Table 3. — Variations in capacity of bottles. 



[Data based on measurements in glass factories.] 



Refer- 

 ence 



No. 



Size 



of 



bottle. 



Type. 





Capacity at top. 





Number 









Average 









meas- 









devia- 



ured. 



Maxi- 

 mum. 



Mini- 

 mum. 



Average. 



tion. 





Fl. oz. 



Fl. oz. 



Fl.oz. 



Fl.oz. 



25 



1.08 



0.93 



1.03 



0.035 



25 



1.03 



.90 



.96 



.032 



25 



3.55 



3.31 



■3.47 



.042 



25 



3.31 



3.11 



3.21 



.039 



25 



3.21 



2.99 



3.11 



.066 



25 



3.18 



2.91 



3.00 



.055 



50 



4.77 



4.33 



4.52 



.099 



25 



4.22 



3.92 



4.07 



.074 



25 



4.29 



3.89 



4.12 



.080 



50 



4.66 



4.19 



4.48 



.071 



50 



9.06 



8.08 



8.69 



.15 



50 



9.19 



8.25 



8.62 



.13 



50 



8.92 



7.67 



8.32 



.21 



50 



13.58 



12.71 



13.18 



.15 



25 



24.84 



23.49 



24.24 



.30 



25 



25.69 



24.17 



24.71 



.36 



15 



68.48 



66.46 



67.30 



.41 



Average 



of 

 average 

 devia- 

 tions of 

 the size. 



1006-0 



1006-1 



1002-B 



1002-S 



1010-1 



1010-2 



1001 



1006-1 



1006-2 



1008 



1001 



1002 



1005 



1005 



1000-K 



1000-P 



1005 



HAND BLOWN. 



Shoo-fly flask 



Oval prescription . 



do 



do 



do 



Round square . 



Shoo-fly flask 



do.. 



Oval prescription. 



do 



Tallblake 



Soda water 



Beer 



Brandy 



do. 



Round packer 



Fl.oz. 

 '"6.033 



.(M',8 



