VOLUME VARIATION OF BOTTLED FOODS. 



17 



The average deviations given in Tables 4 and 6 afford a compari- 

 son of variations in the capacities of the bottles and variations in 

 volume of food after filling. The deviations are compiled in Table 7 

 for comparison. 



Table 7. — Comparison of the variation in capacities of bottles ivith the varia- 

 tion in volume of the bottled food. 





Average of 



Average of 





average 



average 





deviations 



deviations 



Capacity 



in the ca- 



of the 



of bottles. 



pacity of 



volume 





hand- 



of food 





blown 



in the 





bottles. 



bottle. 



Fluid oz. 



Fluid oz. 



Fluid oz. 



0.75 





0.034 



1 



0."033 





4 



.068 





6 





.'269 



8 



."ie" 



.322 



12 



.15 





16 





.'155 



24 



."33" 



.279 



64 



.41 



.318 



128 





.811 



The average deviation in the capacities of the bottles of a given 

 size is approximately equal to the average deviation of the volume 

 of food contained in the bottles of that size. The fact that these 

 two deviations are practically equivalent, supports the belief that 

 the volume variation of bottled foods is approximately equivalent 

 to the capacity variation of the bottles themselves when blown by 

 hand. The calculated maximum variation apparently has about the 

 same relation to the capacity of the bottle as to the volume of food 

 in the bottle after it is filled. 



In view of the unfavorable circumstances under which the data 

 on the volume of bottled foods have been taken and the approxi- 

 mate agreement with the data on the variation in the capacity of 

 bottles, the data indicate that only a small percentage of the bottled 

 foods on the market should vary in quantity of contents more widely 

 than the calculated maximum variations. 



RELATION BETWEEN CALCULATED MAXIMUM VARIATION AND TEMPORARY 

 METHODS OF MEETING DECLARED VOLUME. 



The calculated maximum variation is not large enough to prevent 

 the bottler from meeting it by the two temporary methods ordinarily 

 used, namely, changing the height of fill or changing the declaration 

 of the quantity of contents on the label. 



In the course of the investigations, capacity measurements were 

 made on bottles from the base of the shoulder to the usual aim in 

 filling and to the top of the bottle. It is recognized that the base 

 of the shoulder is not a definite filling point and that measurements 



