UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



,|!; BULLETIN No. 677 



o%!^^L'i. 



Washington, D. C. 



Contribution from the Bureau of Soils 

 MILTON WHITNEY, Chief 



PROFESSIONAL PAPER. 



^'^^'^u 



October 24, 1918 



SOILS OF SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY AND THEIR 



USES. 



By J. A. BoNSTEEL, Scientist in the Soil Survey. 



CONTENTS. 



Character of the region 1 



General view of the soil-crop relations of 



southern New Jersey 9 



Detailed soil and crop maps • 14 



Soil and crop survey of the Freehold area 16 



Soil and crop survey of the Hartford area 25 



Soil and crop survey of the Thorofare area 34 

 Soil and crop survey of the Swedesboro 



area 42 



Comparison of detailed areas 54 



Freehold and Swedesboro areas con- 

 trasted 55 



Comparison of detailed areas — Cont. Page. 



Hartford and Thorofare areas contrasted 56 



Relation of soils to crop uses in the detailed 



areas 57 



Relationship between special crops and defi- 

 nite soil types in the detailed areas 61 



Soil preferences expressed by farmers 65 



Comparison of expressed preferences with 



results of surveys 70 



Soilandcrop geography 72 



Review of soil uses in southern New Jersey 



by series, classes, and types of soils 72 



Conclusion 76 



CHARACTER OF THE REGION. 



LOCATION. 



The southern part of the State of New Jersey, lying south of the 

 line of the Peimsj-lvania Railroad between Trenton and New Bruns- 

 wick and comprising about 4,400 square miles, is a compact area 

 within which the climatic conditions, the a/3cessibility to great 

 markets, the means of transportation to those markets, and the skill 

 and industry of the agricultural population are sufficiently uniform 

 to afford an unusual opportunity for the study of the influence of 

 the character of the soil upon the production of farm crops. 



This region lies between the Atlantic Ocean and the Delaware 

 Kiver and Ba*y. Its southern extremity is in latitude 38° 55' N. 

 and its northern border extends to latitude 40° 30' N. It includes 

 all of the counties of Monmouth, Ocean, Burlington, Camden, At- 

 lantic, Gloucester, Salem, Cumberland, and Cape May, and the 

 southeastern portions of Middlesex and Mercer. 



47659°— 18— BuU. 677- 



