SOILS OF SOUTHEEOSr N"EW JERSEY AND THEIR USES. 7 



drainage is in many places excessive. The Lakewood sand, fine sand, 

 and gravelly sandy loam have been mapped. The soils of this series 

 are cultivated to only a small extent. 



Sassafras series. — The surface soils of the Sassafras series are dis- 

 tinguished by a brown or yellowish-brown color and the subsoils are 

 a deep yellow or reddish yellow. In many places a distinct bed of 

 gravel or of coarse sand and gravel underlies these soils at a depth 

 ranging from 2^ to 5 feet below the surface. The series is found in 

 all parts of southern New Jersey, in somewhat scattered occurrences 

 in the Atlantic slope, but especially well developed along the Dela- 

 ware Eiver and in the jolain which extends between Trenton and 

 Xew Brunswick. Most of the types in this series are well drained. 

 The types of the series include the Sassafras coarse sand, sand, loamy 

 sand, fine sand, gravelly sandy loam, coarse sandy loam, sandy loam, 

 fine sandy loam, and loam. 



Collington series. — The surface soils of the Collington series 

 usually have a rather dark brown color and the subsoils are of a 

 yellowish to greenish brown. The series is marked by the presence 

 of glauconite or greensand in the subsoils. It occurs chiefly along a 

 narrow belt extending southwestward from the vicinity of Atlantic 

 Highlands nearly to Salem. This belt varies from 1 or 2 to nearly 

 15 miles in width. It is not entirely occupied by soils of the Colling- 

 ton series. The surface features of the soils of this series are varied, 

 ranging from gently sloping or nearly level to distinctly hilly and 

 broken. Probably 60 per cent of the area of these soils is sufficiently 

 level to meet the requirements of cultivation. Drainage is well estab- 

 lished over the greater part of the soils of the series, being defective 

 only in the case of the heavier soils. The series includes the Colling- 

 ton sand, loamy sand, sanely loam, fine sandy loam, gravelly loam, 

 loam, clay loam, and clay. The sandy loam and fine sandy loam are 

 most extensive and of greatest importance agriculturally. 



Colts Neck series. — The soils of the Colts Neck series are char- 

 acterized by the brownish-red to dark-red color of the surface soils 

 and by the bright to deep red color of the subsoils. They occur 

 typically in the hilly to undulating areas of the marl belt and are 

 well drained and easily tilled where the surface slope is not too 

 great. The series includes the Colts Xeck gravelly sand, loamy sand, 

 sandy loam, fine sandy loam, and loam. 



Norfolk series. — The soils of this series are marked by the grayish 

 color of the surface soils and by the yellow color and friable struc- 

 ture of the subsoils. Only the Norfolk fine sand has thus far been 

 encountered in southern New Jersey. It is usually hilly to rolling, 

 well drained, and for the most part forested. Only the more level 

 areas are occupied by farms. 



