18 BULLETIN" 677, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTURE. 



CoUington loaon. — ^The surface soil of the Collington loam, to a 

 depth of nearly 8 inches, consists of a brown loam, generally having 

 a slight olive green tinge. The typical subsoil is a greenish-yellow 

 loam, which in some cases is rather heavy and coherent. A consider- 

 able amount of greensand or glauconite is found in both surface soil 

 and subsoil, particularly in the latter. The type is derived through 

 the weathering of the underlying marl beds. 



The surface is generally level and the natural drainage has become 

 well established. Only small areas of the tj^pe are found in the 

 immediate vicinity of Freehold and no distinctive cropping system 

 has been developed for this soil. 



Collington clay loam. — The surface soil of the Collington clay 

 loam is a dark-brown to almost black loam having a depth varjnng 

 from 3 to 6 inches. The immediate subsoil is a dark-brown to dark- 

 green compact clay loam or clay. The deeper subsoil is somewhat 

 more granular, and grades into the greensand marl from which the 

 type is derived. It occurs only in small areas where marl beds are 

 exposed at the surface. 



The surface of this soil type is level or gently sloping. Drainage 

 is fairly well established. Owing to its small extent, both near Free- 

 hold and elsewhere in southern New Jersey, no distinctive cropping 

 system has been developed for it, although it is commonly recognized 

 as being better suited for the production of grass and grain thE\n for 

 any other crops. 



CoUington sandy loam. — The surface soil of the Collington sandy 

 loam, to an average depth of about 9 inches, is a light-brown to brown 

 sandy loam, frequently showing a distinct greenish tinge. The imme- 

 diate subsoil is a greenish-yellow sandy loam which becomes heavier 

 and more coherent with depth. At about 30 inches it grades into a 

 green loam or sandy clay, representing the greensand marl from 

 which the type is derived. 



The type occurs only to a limited extent near Freehold along 

 sloping stream banks and it is not distinctively farmed. 



Freneau loam. — Narrow stretches of somewhat poorlj?" drained bot- 

 tom land along the shallow stream courses within the area were 

 mapped as the Freneau loam. In many cases, near Freehold, open 

 ditches have been dug through this type and drainage has been suffi- 

 ciently established to permit of crop production. The greater part 

 of the t3rpe is used for pasture or the cutting of hay. The surface 

 soil varies from place to place, but the subsoil consists rather uni- 

 formly of unweathered greensand marl, dark green in color and 

 decidedly sticky and wet. 



The Sassafras loam occupies 87.6 per cent of the total area sur- 

 veyed, and all other types mapped are not only subordinate in extent 



