SOILS OF SOUTHEEN NEW JERSEY AND THEIR USES. 27 



loam with associated areas of Elkton and Portsmouth types, while 

 those of the eastern section include the Collington sand, sandy loam, 

 and fine sandy loam. 



Sassafi'os loam. — The Sassafras loam of the Hartford area does 

 not differ materially from the same type as occurring in the Free- 

 hold area, except that there is possibly a smaller admixture of 

 greensand marl in the deeper subsoil and the coloration of the sub- 

 soil is consequently a somewhat more reddish brown. The type oc- 

 cupies undulating to gently rolling uplands at elevations ranging 

 from 50 to 90 feet above tide level and natural drainage is well 

 established. 



Sassafras sandy loam. — The Sassafras sandy loam differs slightly 

 from the type as developed near Freehold, but is more nearly typical 

 of the extensive areas found in other parts of southern New Jersey. 

 The surface soil, near Hartford, to a depth of 10 or 12 inches, is a 

 brown to dark-brown sandy loam. It is directly underlain by a 

 pale-yellow sandy loam extending to a depth of 15 to 20 inches. This 

 grades into reddish-yellow sandy clay. In the Hartford area a por- 

 tion of the type occupying sloping ground contains an appreciable 

 quantity of fine quartz gravel scattered through both soil and subsoil. 



The surface of the type ranges from nearly level to decidedly 

 sloping. Surface and internal drainage is well established. 



Collington sand. — The surface soil of the Collington sand is a 

 light-brown, medium to coarse sand, having a depth varying from 

 12 to 18 inches. It is underlain by a reclclish-yellow medium sand 

 subsoil. A small amount of glauconitei is found in the deeper por- 

 tions of the subsoil. In the Hartford area the total depth of surface 

 soil and subsoil amounts to 6 feet or more over the greater part of 

 the type. 



The Collington sand occupies slopes and rolling, elevated positions. 

 It is excessively drained and not well suited to agricultural uses. 

 The greater part of its area is used to suppl}^ molding and builder's 

 sand and agriculture is not well developed. 



Collington sandy loam. — The Collington sandy loam in the vicinity 

 of Hartford consists of the normal soil and a deep phase. The normal 

 soil does not differ materially from the areas of the type as described 

 for the Freehold area. The deep phase differs enough to warrant 

 separate description. The soil is a yellowish, loamy sand. It is un- 

 derlain at a depth of 14 to 30 inches by a yellow to reddish-yellow, 

 friable sandy clay, which becomes compact and slightly tinged with 

 green at 30 to 36 inches below the surface. The type occurs on level 

 uplands and is well drained. It consists practically of a gradation 

 between the normal Collington sandy loam and the Collington sand. 



Collington fine sandy loaTn. — The surface soil of the Collington 

 fine sandy loam, to a depth of about 12 inches, is a dark-brown fine 



