INPLUEKCE OF A CITY ON FARMING. 



in market-milk production. The census figures further show a de- 

 crease in the number of dairy cows in Jefferson County and an increase 

 in the three outside counties during the same period. 



Table II. — Changes in the dairy business during the decade 1899-1909. 



Area. 



Milk sold. 



Cream sold. 



Butter sold. 



1900 



1910 



1900 



1910 



1900 



1910 



Jefierson County 



Gallons. 

 2,695,233 



566, 121 



Gallons. 

 1,542,455 



1,879,136 



Gallons. 

 5,757 



58,830 



Gallons. 

 24,342 



74, 785 



Pounds. 

 239,926 



209,906 



Pounds. 

 528 915 



Three counti&s outside of Jefferson in 



230 244 







HISTORY OF IMPORTANT CROP AND STOCK ENTERPRISES SINCE 1840. 



The figures of the United States Census Bureau relative to crops 

 and live stock give a fairly good history of these enterprises since 

 1840. The high point of cereal production, characteristic of general 

 mixed farming, was reached in 1870. Since then these crops have 

 had a marked decline, while Irish potatoes, sweet potatoes, and other 

 vegetables, characteristic of potato-truck and strictly truck farming, 

 have had a corresponding increase (see Table III). 



Table III. — Statistics of crop production, 1840 to 1910. 



Year. 



Com. 



Wheat. 



Rye. 



Barley.' Oats. 



Hemp. Tobacco. 



Irish 

 potatoes. 



Sweet 

 potatoes. 



1840 

 1850 

 1860 

 1870 

 1880 

 1890 

 1900 

 1910 



Bushels. 

 665, 899 

 983, 429 

 974, 110 



1,059,729 



1, 056, 209 

 712, 674 



1, 003, 130 

 947, 024 



Bushels. 

 115, 175 

 92,809 

 155, 785 

 102, 820 

 186, 212 

 217,831 

 2.39, 880 

 147, 835 



Bushels. 

 16, 969 

 2,300 

 12, 352 

 12,454 

 10,413 

 7,624 

 3,030 

 3,708 



Bibshels. 



1,750 



6,110 



45, 305 



49, 975 



21,643 



3,669 



Bushels. 

 156,092 

 128, 522 

 134, 029 

 368, 328 

 114,793 

 148, 350 

 91,570 

 45,932 



Ton^. 

 5,470 



4,944 

 9,543 

 11,228 

 11,186 

 27, 761 

 c 27, 589 



a312i 



120 



204 



38 



Pounds. 



75, 360 



9,500 



13, 560 



9,574 



11,632 



5,910 



132, 840 



263, 200 



Bushels. 



b 60, 604 

 106, 657 

 177, 963 

 377, 382 

 269, 066 

 737, 533 

 887, 640 

 1, 195, 631 



Bushels. 



8,204 

 31,854 

 104. 862 

 99, 307 

 117,817 

 150, 832 

 174, 721 



a Tons of hemp and flax. 6 Hay and forage. c Potatoes. 



There have not been any significant changes in the tot&l amount 

 of Mve stock kept on the farm. Swine production fell off to a marked 

 extent with the falling off of corn production. Dairy cattle reached 

 then- high mark in 1890 and 1900. Since then there has been a 

 falling off in dairy production. (See Table IV.) 



Table IV. — Statistics of live stock, 1840 to 1910. 



Year. 



Horses. 



Sheep. 



Swine. 



Total 

 cattle. 



Milch 

 cows. 



Other 

 cattle. 



Working 

 oxen. 



1840 



16,886 

 4,893 

 5,915 

 6,360 

 6,278 

 7,820 

 7,792 

 7,062 



14, 971 

 10, 798 

 7,911 

 7,089 

 c 12, 335 

 7,463 

 8,622 

 7,411 



42, 266 

 39, 573 

 35, 921 

 34, 575 

 25, 976 

 16, 932 

 18, 481 

 13, 700 



612,716 

 7,987 

 10, 087 

 9,334 

 11,347 

 13,250 

 13, 876 

 11,129 









1850 



1860 



4,338 

 5,492 

 6,263 

 6, 0.53 

 8,505 

 8,750 

 7,594 



3,220 

 4,230 

 2,957 

 4,740 

 4,664 

 5,126 

 3,535 



429 

 365 



1870 



114 



1880... 



54 



1890 



21 



1900.. .. 





1910 









a Includes mules. 



6 Neat cattle. 



c Exclusive of spring lambs. 



