UTILIZATION OF ELM. 



15 



Bureau of the Census for the year 1911. Statistics for other indus- 

 tries were collected by the Office of Industrial Investigations of the 

 Forest Service during the years 1909 to 1913. The figures given, 

 therefore, must be taken only in a general way as representing the 

 situation in elm utilization, since conditions change somewhat 

 from year to year. 



Table 7. — Annual consumption of elm in factories in the United States, by industries. 



Industry. 



Feet B. M. 



Per cent. 



Slack cooperage 



Boxes, baskets, and crates 



Vehicles and vehicle parts 



Chairs and chair stock 



Woodenware and dairymen's and poulterers' supplies. 



Musical instruments 



Refrigerators and kitchen cabinets 



Furniture 



Agricultural implements 



Trunks and valises 



Fixtures 



Planing mill products, sash and doors 



Sporting and athletic goods 



Handles 



Toys. 



Laundry appliances 



Car construction 



Machine construction 



Ship and boat building 



Machinery and apparatus, electrical 



Equipment, playground 



Saddles and harness 



Pulleys and conveyors 



Signs and supplies 



Brushes 



Dowels 



Gates and fencing 



Printing material 



Elevators 



Plumbers' woodwork 



Frames and moulding, picture 



Patterns and flasks 



Pumps and wood pipe - . . 



Tanks and sUos 



Mine equipment 



Boot and shoe findings 



Instruments, professional and scientific- 



146,954,000 



65,535,458 



31,296,922 



23,157,586 



16,383,426 



15, 602, 440 



13,046,100 



12, 154, 102 



7,249,000 



6,409,286 



6,368,275 



6,218,860 



3,226,750 



3,060,307 



2,042,055 



1,365,000 



1,221,121 



831,000 



706, 600 



463,000 



334,000 



276,000 



200,000 



200, 000 



187,000 



175, 000 



155, 000 



84,200 



68, 500 



65,000 



43,000 



40,000 



20,000 



15,000 



8,800 



2,000 



200 



39.63 

 18. 13 



4.53 

 4.32 



2.01 

 1.77 





1.72 

 .89 

 .85 

 .56 

 .38 

 .34 

 .23 

 .20 

 .13 

 .09 

 .08 

 .06 

 .06 

 .05 

 .05 

 .04 

 .02 

 .02 

 .01 

 .01 

 .01 

 .01 



Total 365, 154, 



100.00 



1 Amount of product reduced to beard feet. From Bureau of the Census statistics on slack cooperage, 

 which also includes small buckets, pails, and tubs. Since these articles are also included in woodenware 

 in the table, there is probably some duplication in figures for these two industries. 



2 Less than one-half of 1/100 per cent. 



Elm enters into the manufacture of a large number of products 

 made from wood; in fact, there are probably few industries which do 

 not furnish a demand for more or less of it. 



For most uses to which elm is put the different ehn species are 

 used indiscriminately. For certain uses, however, some one species 

 is preferred, as cork elm on account of its extreme hardness. On 

 pages 39 to 43 is given a list of uses reported for the different species 

 and for elm without reference to species. 



Reports received from manufacturers give an average cost of 

 $23.55 per 1,000 board feet for elm, not including the slack-cooperage 

 industry.^ 



1 The prices given for elm products are those in effect before the entrance of the United States into 

 the war. 



