tJTILIZATIOlSr OF ELM. 25 



the curved form until the glue is dry. The partly finished seat 

 retains its curved shape when the pressure is removed. The seat is 

 next shaped and finished by special machinery. The ends of the 

 pews are usually made of oak, and the elm is stained to match it. 

 Occasionally ehn is used for the entire pew. 



Cabinets and store and office fixtures are occasionally made of elm. 



The average price reported for elm for fixtures is $28.32 per thou- 

 sand feet. This is considerably higher than the average price of this 

 wood for furniture. 



PLANING-MILL PRODUCTS, SASH, AND DOORS. 



That there is a demand for elm for house and office fiinish is shown 

 by the use of more than 6,000,000 feet annually for such purposes. 

 It serves as an excellent inside finish wood because of its moderate 

 amount of figure and pleasing hght and dark shades when finished in 

 the natural color, and makes a good appearance in panels. It is also 

 used to imitate other woods which are more expensive, such as plain 

 oak. A low average price ($19.05 per thousand feet) is reported for 

 this class of products. 



SPORTING AND ATHLETIC GOODS. 



Cork elm is used for such products as horizontal bars and similar 

 parts of gymnasium apparatus because of its abihty to stand hard 

 usage. Wliite elm, finished in imitation of oak and birch, is used 

 for low-priced bilhard tables. 



An average price of $30.24 per thousand board feet is reported for 

 these uses. 



HANDLES. 



Ehn is a suitable wood for handles because it is strong and service- 

 able. It is particularly in demand for certain kinds of handles, such 

 as pike poles and cant-hook handles. Cork elm is well adapted for 

 scythe snaths because of its strength and adaptabihty to bent work 

 and because it takes a very smooth pohsh. Ehn is not in favor for 

 long handles, such as are used for hoes and hand rakes. It is hght 

 and strong, but its tendency to warp and twist when it absorbs 

 moisture is a decided disadvantage. Ash is preferred for such uses. 



The average price reported for ehn used for handles is $17.35. 



TOYS. 



More than 2,000,000 feet of ehn is reported as used for toys each 

 year. Much of it goes into children's wagons and sleds. 



The average cost reported for this purpose is $26.61 per thousand 

 feet. 



LAUNDRY APPLIANCES. 



The good scrubbing and wearing qualities of elm when kept in 

 contact with water make it popular material for parts of washing 

 machines, washboards, and wash benches. 



For these uses $26.96 per thousand feet is the average cost at 

 the factory. 



