FARM HANDICRAFT FOR SCHOOLS. 



Fig. 11.— Setting the gauge. 



To mark a line, hold the gauge firmly with the thumb and fore- 

 finger encircling the gauge block and tip the gauge away from you, 

 as shown in figure 12. To make the line, push the tool — never pull 

 it toward you. Do not press hard against 

 the point — a line only as fine as a knife 

 line is required. 



The chisel is used in clipping and paring 

 out portions of wood. When cutting with 

 a chisel, grasp the handle with the right 

 hand and the shank with the left hand and, instead of pushing straight 

 down or straight ahead, incline the tool to get a paring action. 



Figure 13 shows the parts of the brace and bit. Unless boring a 

 slanting hole, the bit should enter the wood straight. If the side lips 



touch the wood at the same time you are sure 

 that the bit has entered the wood straight. 



When using a screw driver, be careful not 

 to break the head off the screw. A little soap 

 placed on the screw before inserting it into 

 the wood will make it enter more easily. 



CARE OF TOOLS. 



Fig. 12.— Method of using the 

 gauge. 



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If you expect to do good work with tools 

 you must see that they are well cared for. 

 If tools are allowed to become rusty and dull and parts are lost good 

 work can not be expected. Wipe the polished surfaces of tools 

 with an oily cloth once a week, at least, and whenever the bright 

 surface of a tool becomes wet wipe it dry and rub it well with the 

 oily cloth. If rust accumulates, it can be 

 removed by the use of powdered pumice 

 stone. 



A place must be provided in which to 

 keep the tools when they are not in use, 

 otherwise they may be lost or broken. 

 Drawers in the work bench, or cupboards 

 placed on the wall where they will be easily 

 accessible, are convenient places for hold- 

 ing tools. 



The cutting edges of tools must be kept 

 sharp; good work can not be done with a 

 dull tool. If chisels or plane irons become 

 very dull, they are first sharpened on a 

 grindstone or emery wheel, then dressed on an oilstone. They are 

 ground at an angle of 25° and dressed on the oilstone at an angle 

 of 30°, as shown in figure 14. If but slightly dull they may be 

 rubbed up on the oilstone only. Hold them firmly on the grind- 



Fig. 13 



-Brace and bit. 



