36 



BULLETIN 521, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



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Iftftt t^- - , — ■ 



between the top and bottom rails as shown, leaving a 2-inch space 

 between the corner upright and this piece. Next, space 4 inches 

 from this bar to the swinging bar, drop the bar in place between the 

 rails, and with a brace and ^ -inch bit bore a hole through the center 

 of the 5-inch rail and 4-inch bar and insert one of the 3-inch bolts. 

 Space again 4 inches from the bar and nail in the next bar. Proceed 

 in this way with the remaining stanchions, then nail the two pieces 

 of 1 by 8 inch by 6 foot to the back of the two end uprights, as shown. 



To hold the swing- 

 ing bars in place, 

 screw one side of the 

 light hinge to short 

 blocks of the 1| by 

 4 inch pieces and 

 fasten the hinges to 

 the top of the bar 

 to the right of the 

 fig. 4o.-caif stanchion. swinging bar in such 



a way that when the swinging bar is in closed position this block 

 will drop in place and hold the bar. 



Note to Teacher. — This exercise will fit into instruction in either dairying or 

 beef raising. Boys who feed calves at home will be especially interested in these 

 stanchions. 



EXERCISE XXII. FARM GATE. 



In figure 41 is shown a very good type of farm gate. The con- 

 structing of such a gate is not especially difficult and makes a very 

 good exercise in farm mechanics for farm boys. 



For a gate 12 feet long the material required is: 

 1 piece 1 by 4 inches by 14 feet. 



7 pieces 1 by 4 inches by 12 feet. (White pine or other dressed lumber.) 

 1 pair bolt and eye gate hinges with bolts. 

 3 pounds 8-penny common nails or 5 pounds j- by 2 inch bolts. 



From the piece of 1 by 4 inches by 14 feet cut two pieces of 4 feet 

 2 inches long. Space the boards as shown in the illustration, placing 

 the two upright pieces 12 feet apart from outside to outside. First, 

 nail six of the 1 by 4 inch by 12 foot boards to the strips. Next, 

 nail the remaining 1 by 4 inch by 12 foot piece as a diagonal brace. 

 Be sure to have this brace run to the bottom hinge end of the gate. 

 From what is left of the 1 by 4 inch by 14 foot piece cut the two short 

 braces as shown, and nail the diagonal and short braces to each 

 board. 



Bolts may be used instead of nails to fasten the boards together. 

 They are a better construction, but somewhat more expensive. 



