78 



BULLETIN 536, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



showed that 34 larvae in a firm portion of the flesh had escaped attack. 

 Within the laboratory this ant has demonstrated its ability to 

 destroy pupae. 



CLIMATIC CONTROL. 



There is little opportunity in Hawaii to study the effect of adverse 

 climatic conditions upon the Mediterranean fruit fly. Development 

 appears to progress most rapidly after the Hawaiian temperature 

 means reach 75° or 76° F. At a mean of 68° F. the developmental 

 period is about doubled. A temperature ranging between 58° and 

 62° F. has no detrimental effect upon the development as shown by 

 the emergence of adults from pupae held in a well-lighted refrigerator. 

 These emergence data, recorded in Table XXII, and supplemented by 

 four other experiments, indicate that the pupa stage may be increased 

 from 38 to 41 days, or that, at this temperature, the length of develop- 

 ment may be increased to three or four times the normal during the 

 warmest weather. Only 9 out of 39,500 pupae held at a tempera- 

 ture of from 49° to 51° F. yielded adults within refrigeration, while 

 the remainder died. All cold-storage data obtained by the writers 

 indicate that approximately 50° F. is the temperature at which little 

 or no development can take place and below which complete mortality 

 occurs if exposures are continued sufficiently long. 



Table XXII. — The effect upon pupal development of the Mediterranean fruit fly of 



58° to 62° F. 



Days in storage. 



Age of pupae when placed in storage and number yielding adults. 



iday. 



lday. 



2 days. 



3 days. 



4 days. 



5 days. 



7 days. 



8 days. 



9 days. 



10 days. 



1 



















27 



2 : 













11 



3 



20 



135 



2,066 



918 



55 



13 



4 



4 



334 



949 



1,469 



96 



38 



37 



2 



2 



1 



6 

 1 





3 i 















4 1 















5 ! 











10 

 8 



36 

 687 

 2,118 

 479 

 43 

 95 

 5 



14 



6 













7 . .. 









4 



2 



10 



23 



18 



604 



930 



640 



773 



169 



9 



53 



21 



19 



5 



3 





s ; 









1 



9 











1 



10 













1 



11 





i 





1 

 2 

 5 



6 



1 



14 



33 



566 



1,324 



381 



38 



4 



2 



1 



1 



1 



12 







2 

 1 



4 



2 



25 



319 



1,316 



335 



21 



6 





13 







6 

 4 

 3 

 3 





14 









15 





1 

 2 











16 













17 







5 











18 







15 



1 



29 



131 



203 



399 



1,477 



1,013 



158 



15 



4 











19 





2 



4 











20.... 













21 













22 



1 



4 



12 



9 



16 



44 



367 



1,217 



159 



25 



11 



5 



1 



1 



4 



6 



4 



36 



392 



1,515 



708 



49 



3 











23 













24 



1 











25 











26 











27 



1 













28.... 













29 

















30 



















31 



















32 





















as 

















34 











1 







38 

































