16 BULLETIN 540, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. ^ 



I 

 LESSON 20. 



Note. — A series of lessons on mending has been planned, the object of which is 

 not only to teach the girls how to mend but to give them definite standards for the care 

 of their clothes and to develop in them the habit of keeping then- clothes in order. 

 It therefore seemed desirable to distribute the lessons over the school year rather 

 than to have them all together. An attempt has been made in these lessons to 

 include all the types of mending which the girls will find useful and to introduce 

 them in the order in which they seem most likely to arise. The girls should, if pos- 

 sible, at each of these lessons bring in any clothing that needs attention. According 

 to the discretion of the teacher instruction may be given to the girls individually, 

 or the individual needs may be made the basis of a class discussion. 



Problem. — To outline the essential points in the daily care of 

 clothing, with demonstrations, as of brushing, folding, etc. To darn 

 stockings. 



Points to be brought out. — Putting clothing away carefully does 

 much to preserve its appearance. Neatness is essential. Frequent 

 brushing and pressing do much to prolong the life of clothes. 



Reference. — Textbook on clothing. 



Correlations. — English: Write a story proving that a stitch in 

 time saves nine. Arithmetic: Estimate costs, including the factor 

 of time, of mending your own clothing, and the clothing of a family 

 of six. 



LESSON 21. 



Problem. — To make soap, using, if possible, alkali leached from 

 wood ashes. 



Points to be brought out. — Soap is made from a combination of lye 

 with fat. When these are combined in the correct proportions, the 

 reaction of the soap is neither acid nor alkaline. 



References. — Rose, The Laundry, Cornell Reading Courses, 1 

 (1912), No. 11. Ask the mothers. 



Correlation. — Arithmetic and English: Calculate the time neces- 

 sary to make soap and the cost. Is the factory product cheaper? 

 What is "chip soap"? Make a drawing of a pump or water pipe, 

 with a flexible hose to fill the tubs; also of a stopcock at bottom of 

 tub to empty it. Describe. 



LESSON 22. 



Problem. — To remove the vegetables from brine and start making 

 the pickles. 



Points to be brougM out. — The liquid in which the pickle is pre- 

 served is intended both to prevent decay and to give flavor. Unless 

 the vegetable material is finely divided it must be heated in order to 

 have the liquid penetrate. Finely divided pickles may be preserved 

 raw if the pickling solution has sufficient antiseptic power. 



Reference. — Same as in Lesson 19. 



Correlation. — Arithmetic: Calculate the cost of the pickle. 



