30 BULLETIN 550, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE* 



Amount of adhesive necessary. — Resin fish-oil soap or laundry soap 

 used at the rate of 1 pound to 50 gallons of liquid gave good results 

 as a "sticker" and spreader. Potash fish-oil soap without resin was 

 used at the rate of 2 pounds to 50 gallons of liquid. 



NICOTINE SULPHATE. 



Forty per cent nicotine sulphate was utilized in sprays every year 

 in some of the vineyards against the grape leafhopper. This sub- 

 stance was used at the rate of 1 part to 1,600 parts of liquid in the 

 last grape-berry moth spray. In 1915 it was used in both of the 

 applications against the berry moth. In none of the plats on which 

 it was used was there any indication that nicotine sulphate added to 

 or detracted from the value of the spray mixture, so far as grape- 

 berry moth control was concerned. 



RELATION OP FUNGICIDES. 



Bordeaux mixture had no insecticidal or repellent value, so far as 

 the grape-berry moth was concerned. (Miller and Carlburg vine- 

 yard, Plat VII, 1915.) However, the addition of this fungicide 

 seemed to be advantageous. Besides reducing the danger of burning 

 by the arsenate of lead and soap combination it gave to the spray 

 mixture physical qualities which lessened the tendency to collect 

 on the lower surface of the berry. 



The relation of neutral acetate of copper to arsenate of lead and 

 soap was tried in an experiment on a small scale. It was thought 

 that this nonstainmg fungicide might be substituted for Bordeaux 

 mixture if an August spray were adopted. One pound of neutral 

 acetate of copper and 1 pound of soap to 50 gallons of water were 

 mixed and applied to a few vines. The result was unsatisfactory. 

 No injury to the foliage resulted, but the soap and neutral copper 

 acetate in combination stained the grapes fully as objectionably as 

 the soap and Bordeaux combination. 



It had been demonstrated previously that the Burgundy mixture 

 should not be used in combination with an arsenical, and it was not 

 tried. 



LIME. 



When for any reason it was desired to omit Bordeaux mixture 

 from the spray combination of arsenate of lead and soap, lime was 

 added at the rate of 1 pound to 50 gallons of liquid. 



INJURY DUE TO SPRAYING. 



Combinations of arsenate of lead and soap with Bordeaux mixture 

 or lime caused no injury to foliage in any of the three seasons of 

 experimental work. If "nicotine sulphate 40 per cent" at the rate 

 of 1 part to 1,600 parts of liquid was added to this solution it also was 



