44 



BULLETIN" 80, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. 



Table 6. — Cost of poplar pulpivood and of all pulpwoods at United States mills in 1907, 



1908, and 1909. 1 



1909. 

 Rough wood: 



Domestic poplar 



Imported poplar 



Total poplar 



All pulpwoods 



Peeled wood: 



Domestic poplar 



Imported poplar 



Total poplar 



All pulpwoods 



Rough and peeled wood: 



Domestic poplar 



Imported poplar 



Total poplar 



All pulpwoods 



1908. 



Domestic poplar 



Imported poplar 



Total poplar 



All pulpwoods 



1907. 



Domestic poplar 



Imported poplar 



Total poplar 



All pulpwoods 



Quantity. 



Cords. 



13,953 



2,984 



16,937 



2, 219, 083 



288, 923 



22, 638 



311,561 



1,413,997 



302, 876 



25,622 



328, 498 



1,001,607 



279,564 



22, 653 



302, 217 



3,346,953 



352,142 



19, 798 



371,940 



3, 962, 660 



Total cost. 



Average 



cost per 



cord. 



Dollars. 



72,555 



24,469 



97,024 



17, 608, 736 



2,337,461 



179,019 



2,516,480 



12, 169, 393 



2,410,016 



203, 488 



2,613,504 



34,477,540 



2,237,631 



182, 143 



2, 419, 774 



28,047,473 



2, 763, 889 



167,039 



2,930,928 



32, 360, 276 



Dollars. 

 5.20 

 8.20 

 5.72 

 7.94 



8.09 

 7.91 

 8.07 

 8.61 



7.96 

 7.94 

 7.95 

 8.62 



8.01 

 8.04 

 8.00 

 8.38- 



7.85 

 8.44 

 7.88 

 8.17 



1 Bureau of the Census Circulars, Forest Products No. 1, Pulpwood Consumption (for respective years). 

 Prices quoted are based on f. o b. mill deliveries. 

 s Includes 368,527 cords of rossed wood at an average cost of 812.75 per cord. 



While there are no statistics of the consumption of aspen pulpwood alone, the Census 

 figures ' for the consumption of "poplar" are of interest. The woods grouped under 

 this name consist of several species of the true poplars, of which aspen is by tar the most 

 important, and doubtless include also a small amount of "yellow poplar" or tulip tree 

 (Liriodendron tulipifera Linn.). The poplars collectively stand third in the amount 

 cut for pulpwood, being exceeded only by spruce and hemlock. Table 5 shows the 

 amount of poplar pulpwood used, by processes, in 1899 and each year from 1905 to 

 1910, inclusive. The cost of poplar per cord in 1907, 1908, and 1909 is shown in Table 

 6. The average cost per cord for poplar pulpwood did not change materially during 

 the period 1907 to 1909, though the average cost per cord for all pulpwoods steadily 

 advanced. 



PAPER PULP FROM ASPEN. 



CHARACTERISTICS AND PROPERTIES. 



Aspen soda pulp, when unbleached and dry, is a very light brown or light reddish- 

 brown much resembling ordinary blotting paper. While fairly tenacious, the pulps are 

 usually very soft and bulky, whether bleached or unbleached. The softness of the pulp 

 may be partly due to the fact that its natural resin content is normally very low (0.05 

 per cent) as compared with ordinary sulphite pulp (0.5 per cent). Aspen soda pulp 

 is easily bleached to a good white color, though in some cases there may be a slight 

 reddish tinge. For well-cooked pulp very low amounts of bleaching agents are 

 required, and the loss on bleaching (from 6 to 10 per cent in commercial practice) 

 is comparatively small. The following table by Griffin and Little 2 affords a eom- 



1 For statistics on the consumption of poplar pulpwood by Canadian mills, see bulletins 1 2, 26, and 30, of 

 the Forestry Branch, Canadian Department of the Interior, 1909-1912. 



2 Chemistry of Papermaking, p. 280, 1894. 



