BULLETIN 86, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



HOOP TESTS. 



A 14-inch piece was taken from one hoop of each gauge from each 

 of three barrels of each group. These pieces were machined down to 

 have a parallel section approximately 1 inch by 9 inches, and were 

 then subjected to tension tests. The maximum load and load at 

 yield point, as determined from the drop of the scale beam of the 

 testing machine, were recorded. 



RESULTS. 



BARREL TESTS. 



The results of the barrel tests are given in Tables 3 to 6, inclusive. 



The internal-pressure readings on the barrels to which a pressure 

 gauge was attached in the side-compression test have been omitted. 

 The highest internal pressure developed in these barrels was 7 pounds 

 per square inch. 



In all the test only two or three cases of leakage at the bung was 

 observed. These also have been omitted from the tabulated results. 



MINOR TESTS. 



The average, maximum, and minimum results of the stave and hoop 

 tests are given in Tables 1 and 2. In Table 1 "modulus of rupture" 

 is the fiber stress at maximum load and represents the strength of the 

 timber. "Work to maximum load" is proportional to the shock- 

 resisting ability of the timber. 



Table 1. — Results of stave tests. Static bending, 28-inch span. 



f-inch staves. 



Aver- Maxi- Mini- 

 mum, mum. 



|-inch staves. 



Aver- Maxi- Mini- 

 mum, mum. 



J-inch staves. 



Aver- Maxi- Mini- 

 age, mum. mum. 



Measured thickness at stave, 

 inches 



Rings per inch . . 



Specific gravity 



Moisture per cent.. 



Maximum load pounds. . 



Deflection at maximum load, 

 inches 



Modulus of rupture, pounds 

 per square inch 



Work to maximum load, 

 inch-pounds per cubic 

 inch 



0.G9 



15 



0.672 



10.4 



257 



2.31 



0.71 



29 



0.848 



14.1 



395 



5.20 



17,950 



0.528 

 8.1 

 100 



0.88 

 4,290 



0.77 



14 



0.694 



9.8 



378 



1.98 



13,260 



10.0 



0.80 



25 



0.820 



13.5 



490 



3.50 



17,460 



0.74 



8 



0.558 



7.3 



220 



1.22 



8,220 



0.89 



21 



0.663 



12.6 



387 



1.90 



10, 120 



0.91 



30 



0.723 



14.8 



510 



3.50 



12,860 



0.87 



14 



0.544 



10.0 



240 



1.10 



6,330 



3.8 



Table 2. — Results of hoop 



tests. Tension, specimens 1 inch ivide. 







18-gauge hoops. 





L7-gauge hoo 



is. 





Average. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Average. 



Maximum. 



Minimum. 



Measured thickness of hoops, 



0.051 



2,360 

 3,955 



44,580 



74,210 



0.058 



2,900 

 4,530 



49,500 



78,600 



0.047 



2,100 

 3,580 



41,200 



70,200 



0.061 



2,480 



4,925 



39,515 

 78,060 



0.063 



2,620 

 5,130 



42,400 



82,400 



0.058 



Loadat yield point as determined 



by drop of beam pounds.. 



Maximum load do 



Fiber stress at yield point, pounds 



2,330 



4,605 



36,000 



Fiber stress at maximum load, 



71,600 







