CLEARING LAND IN THE LAKE STATES. 



13 



machine a pulling radius of nearly 350 feet, The other tools used 

 were 15 feet of lf-inch double-power cable, 14 feet of lj-inch cable, 

 shovels, axes, a bar, and a mattock. 



The pine of the tract had been logged about 30 years ago. 

 The hardwood had been cut off seven or eight years ago, except 

 where noted. The hardwood stumps were so rotten that they were 

 very easy to remove. The tract had been burned repeatedly tince 

 logging. Scarcely any vegetation or sod was left to retard the 

 work of cleaning the soil from the stumps. There was a very scat- 

 tering growth of poplar and bird cherry, averaging about 3 feet in 

 height on the tract. Included in the 290 stumps were 76 "snags"— 

 stumps that had been burned close to the ground, leaving the roots 

 in the ground. These snags are fully as hard to remove as the average 

 stump. The stumps were piled later in the year by means of a gin 

 pole. Details as to the kinds and sizes of the stumps and particulars 

 relative to the cost of stumping are given in Table IV. 



Table IV. — Stumps pulled and cost of labor and material used on tract No. 4- 

 Kinds and Sizes of Stumps. 





Diameter of stumps (inches). 



Total 

 num- 

 ber of 

 stumps. 



Kind of stumps. 



4 



(i 



8 



10 



12 



14 



16 



18 



20 



22 



24 



20 



28 



30 



34 



36 













Number of stumps. 













1 



...-I 1 



1 



4 

 1 



8 

 1 



16 

 2 



30 

 5 



10 

 2 



19 

 2 



15 



1 



14 



17 



1 



6 149 





N 





14 

 11 

 16 







2 

 1 

 1 



2 

 3 

 6 



2 

 7 

 1 



4 

 1 

 6 

 1 

 1 













1 



1 

 3 







1 





































17 



Birch 

























2 









1 























2 











1 























1 











1 

























1 











1 

























1 



































Total '. 



1 



8 



11 



12 



15 



11 



9 



18 



36 



IS 



21 



16 



14 



17 



1 



6 



'214 



76 



































Total for 24.21 acres 







...J.... 



















2 290 









i , i 



i 1 













Labor and Material Used in Stumping. 



Item. 



Days em- 

 ployed. 



Cost. 



Per diem. Total. 



Crew: 



2 machine men, 6 days each 



2 men to clean stumps, 6 days each . 



1 team and teamster 



Use of machine 



Piling and burning (estimated) 



Total 



Average per acre . . . 

 Average per stump . 



$1.75 

 1.75 

 4.00 

 1.50 



521.00 

 21.00 

 24.00 

 9.00 

 70.00 



145.00 



5.99 



.50 



1 Average diameter of the 214 stumps, 19. 85 inches. 



2 Average number of stumps per acre, 12. 



3 Time of clearing, 6 days, July 28 to Aug. 4, 1913. 



