284 MORROW — NOTES ON THE CARIBOO. 



occasion by Dr. Gilpin. The muscles which Camper describes as 

 connecting the sac with, the " os hyoides," and which he considers 

 peculiar to this organ, in my specimen do not exist, but their repre- 

 sentatives are probably the muscles found in the larynx of the 

 young buck by Dr. Sommers, as will later appear. The valve is 

 connected with the omo-hyoid muscles as they pass towards their 

 insertion in the hyoid bone. The valve which Camper has evident- 

 ly taken to be the sac, lies outside of the mucous sac, but is incor- 

 porated with its anterior walls ; the inner wall of the true sac sur- 

 rounds and is attached to the larnyx, extending longitudinally 

 from the hyoid bone to the base of the thyroid cartilage, but from 

 the imperfect state of the specimen already referred to, I cannot say 

 how much further it extended ; and until a more perfect one is 

 obtained, can only call the whole an organ of voice. The slit or 

 " orifice," as Camper calls it, exists as he has described, but it 

 opens into the laryngeal sac which lies above the valve, that is 

 next the larynx, as already shown. 



The dimensions of the larynx, after having been some time 

 in spirits, are as follows : — 



Length of larynx from base of epiglottis to base of thyroid 



cartilage - 5 in. 



Circumference of do 1 1 in. 



Inside diameter of larynx 2 in. 



The age of the reindeer, which Camper dissected, he says was 

 " four years," but " it had not attained all its growth ;" again he 

 says, " if we admit that this reindeer had not attained its full 

 growth," and still further, " I cannot determine anything respect- 

 ing the length of the life of the reindeer, save that it ought to 

 reach the age of sixteen years, because it takes four years to attain 

 all its growth, although, however, the epiphyses continue even some 

 time after." He seems by this to have been in doubt as to the age 

 of the animal, or whether it was fully grown, and it is therefore 

 possible that the sac was not perfectly developed. The muscles 

 described by him, taken in connection with those found in the 

 young buck, make this very probable. For further comparison 



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