CONVICT LABOR FOR ROAD WORK. 



103 



in the trench at the bottom of the chimney the one to leeward is 

 closed. A bed of tin cans in the fireplace makes a fair substitute for 

 a grate. Every morning, or as often as necessary, the ashes and cans 

 are raked out and a fresh fire started on a new bed of cans. If the soil 

 is porous, a large quantity of liquids can be evaporated by pouring 

 them into the trench slowly. 



FOUR-OPENING CREMATORY. 



A four-opening crematory may be made by digging two trenches 

 bisecting each other at right angles. This has the great advantage 



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of having one of the 

 trenches always m the 

 direction of the wind, 

 and a good draft al- 

 ways can be secured 

 by plugging the 

 throats of the other 

 trenches. 



Wlien two bisecting 

 trenches are used the 

 chimney is built over 

 the point of the in- 

 tersection, and four 

 boards, flat stones, 

 or pieces of sheet iron 

 must be laid across 

 the trenches for its 

 support. If iron 

 bars, old rails, o r 

 scrap iron are avail- 

 able they can be 

 placed in so as to 

 form a grate. 



If a few pieces of 

 corrugated roof 

 metal are at hand they can be shaped easily into a serviceable 

 chimney, thus saving time and labor. 



BARREL INCINERATOR WITHOUT TRENCH. 



ThLs type of incinerator (fig. 6) may be constructed of field stones, 

 as shown, or of fire brick. The stones or brick are built around a 

 barrel, and laid in and covered with moist clay. When the clay has 

 dried and hardened sufficiently to c(;m(^nt the stones the barrel may 

 b(^ burned out. An incinerator of this kind is suitable for a camp of 

 12.5 persons. 



Fig. 6. — Barrel incinerator without trench. 



