68 BULLETIIir 417^ U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



the genus Caldsoma and noting its occurrence in Germany. Latreille, 

 in 1804, wrote that the species occurred in Germany, but very 

 rarely. Gyllenhal pubhshed an account of the species in 1810 and 

 included a note to the effect that it occurred rarely in southern 

 Switzerland in shaded places. Dejean, in 1826, recorded it as 

 occurring in Sweden, North Germany, and Austria, but very rarely 

 everyv\"here. 



AH the information secured on this species from the literature and 

 from the small numbers forwarded to the laboratory by Miss Marie 

 Ruhl, Zurich, Switzerland, indicates that it is not common. 



IMPORTATIONS. 



The first importation of this species was received September 5, 

 1907, from Miss Ruhl, and contained one male and five females 

 living and one female that had died en route. In 1908 50 males 

 and 61 females alive, and 23 males and 15 females dead were received, 

 and in 1910 a few specimens arrived. 



The total receipts for 1907-1910, inclusive, were 172 specimens — 

 52 males and 72 females alive and 28 males and 20 females dead. 

 These notes would indicate that the species is not common in many 

 localities of Europe, as Miss Ruhl received specimens from collectors 

 at various points in France, Germany, Switzerland, and possibly 

 other countries. 



HABITS OF ADULTS. 



Observations made on the climbing habits of these adults in 1911 

 revealed the fact that the beetles can climb trees when it is necessary 

 to obtain food, but they ordinarily secure it on or near the ground 

 like Calosoma calidum. They climb slowly and awkwardly, but when 

 on the ground can travel swiftly. It has been proved that both 

 adults and larvae can and do ascend trees voluntarily, and it is 

 believed from the meager results secured at the laboratory that 

 they do this in aU stages when the available food supply on the 

 ground becomes exhausted. 



HIBERNATION. 



Four females were put into hibernation cages in the fall of 1907, and 

 three of these emerged from May 16 to 30, 1908. Sixteen adults 

 that were fed in jars during the summer of 1908 entered hibernation 

 from July 30 to August 29 of that year, or an average date of 

 August 17. Seven of the same beetles emerged the following spring 

 between May 11 and May 27, or an average date of May 18. The 

 depth of cavities of a few that entered hibernation in 1910 was 

 about 1 inch. 



One female that was reared in 1910, and issued as an adult July 

 15, came to the surface and fed until August 3 before entering 

 hibernation. This female emerged May 15, 1911. 



Accurate information as to the depth of cavities was difficult to 

 secure without disturbing the beetles, but it is probable that they 

 go deeper than 1 inch in most cases. 



FOOD CONSUMED BY ADULTS. 



Three pairs of beetles were fed in jars in 1908, but no reproduction 

 resulted. Each female averaged 11^ small caterpillars per day 

 from the date of emergence from hibernation to June 23, when 



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