84 



BULLETIlSr 417, U. S. DEPAETMENT OF AGEICULTURE. 



date of hatching to pupation. One larva closely observed in 1912 

 transformed to the different stages as follows: Eggs hatched June 11 ; 

 time in first stage 3 days; in second, 8 days; in third to date of 

 pupation, 15 days; a total of 26 days. The larva ceased feeding 

 July 3 and pupated July 7. Thus 4 days were required in making a 

 cavity and passing through the prepupal stage. 



FOOD CONSUMED BY LARV^. 



Eggs of this species hatch so late in the season that it is sometimes 

 difficult to fuid food for the larvae in New England, as caterpillars 

 and pupse of Porthetria dispar are not available at that time. 



Table 22. — Food eaten by larvse- of Calosoma lugubre, 1911. 





Varieties of food consumed. 



4767-J. 



4565- A. 



4565-C. 



4565-F. 



4565-G. 



4565-K. 



4565-L. 



Estigmene acraea larvee, full-grown 



7 



3 

 5 

 1 



2 

 2 



4 

 4 



1 

 1 

 1 

 4 



3 



3 



2 



4 





5 

 3 



1 

 2 



5 

 2 



12 

 2 



3 





3 





5 



7 







3 

 2 



9 



19 

 3 



5 

 4 



4 





1 











Total 



18 21 



17 



16 



32 



26 



17 











The larvse hatched July 26 and August 6 and ceased feeding 

 August 25, 26, and 28 and September 1, 2, and 12. Many of the 

 larvse and pupae fed to them were small, as will be noted from Table 

 22, but the average number required to complete the growth of each 

 was 21. Three similar records secured in 1912 averaged about the 

 same, but larger caterpillars and pupae were suppUed during the time. 



HABITS OF LARV^. 



Data secured on the chmbing habits of the larvse of this species in 

 the summer of 1911 gave negative results so far as they went. 



Two first-stage larvse were placed in the experiment (PL III) July 

 27 and 29. Neither attempted to climb the tree volmitarily but one 

 when placed upon it crawled in and out of the crevices of the bark, 

 neither ascending nor descending more than 2 inches before falling. 

 It was again placed in the crotch of a limb and left for the night. It 

 was found buried in the earth the following morning with no evidence 

 that it had reached the food cage durmg the night. First-stage larvse 

 were repeatedly placed upon the tree with similar result. 



Experiments with two second-stage larvse indicated that they were 

 able to climb very little. 



August 8 a third-stage larva was placed upon the tree and in eight 

 mmutes climbed upward 2| feet without stopping, then crawled 

 under the bark. No further evidence of climbing was secured with 

 third-stage larvse. The actions of the larvse in all stages were very 

 similar to those of Calosoma frigidum and G. inquisitor and the indi- 

 cations are that they search for food on or near the ground. 



PUPA. 



Adults were reared from larvse in 1911 and 1912 and notes were 

 secured on the time spent in the pupal stage. From 2 larvse that 

 pupated September 4 and 12, 1911, 2 males issued as adults in 13 



