THE GENUS CALOSOMA. 99 



attempt, and could be tried on a large scale when many specimens 

 are to be transferred from one country to another. 



A further attempt was made in 1912 to forward adults of this 

 species to ISIr. Ehrhoni, and small shipments were made by mail 

 May 22, Jime 6, and June 17. A total of 16 males and 23 females, 

 all ahve, were sent, and 21 of the 39 specunens reached Honolulu 

 alive. They were packed singly in pill boxes with damp sphagnum 

 moss, but the moss had dried out in many cases on arrival, accord- 

 ing to information received. The beetles were liberated in the foot- 

 hills to prey upon cutworms which were very numerous in the 

 islands. The genera Calosoma and Carabus are unrepresented there, 

 which partly explains the annual abundance of cutworms. C. 

 calidum in both the larval and adult stages seems perfectly adapted 

 to prey upon cutworms and favorable results are bound to ensue 

 if the species can be successfully estabhshed, 



HABITS OF ADULTS. 



May 31, 1911, a hvely male was placed upon a section of a white 

 oak tree set up in an outdoor cage, in order to make some observa- 

 tions on its chmbing habits. (Pi. III.) It climbed very slowly and 

 awkwardly, each tune makmg more than one attempt before firmly 

 gripping the bark and moving upward. The specimen on trial did 

 not appear at aU sure-footed, faUmg often and as soon as on level 

 gromid would move very rapidly. 



Mr. Mosher says that he has repeatedly seen adults of this species 

 under burlaps feeding upon caterpillars of PortJietria dispar, but has 

 not seen them higher on trees than where burlaps are usually placed. 

 They are sometimes collected on tree trunks at sugar when ' 'sugaring " 

 for moths. 



REPRODUCTION. 



The highest number of eggs deposited by one female in a single 

 season was 74, but another deposited 61. Close records were kept 

 of a few pairs of beetles in the years 1909, 1910, and 1911, with special 

 reference to their capacity for reproduction. Only a part of the 

 females reproduced each year they were in captivity, and the num- 

 ber of eggs that were deposited varied from 16 to 61 per female. 

 One pair of beetles was observed in copulation May 20, 27, and 29, 

 and June 2, 21, and 22, but only 16 eggs were deposited. It is prob- 

 able that this species resembles sycophanta in that some of the fe- 

 males live an entire season without laying eggs. 



LONGEVITY. 



Most of the specimens of Calosoma calidum collected in New Eng- 

 land and confined in jars hav^c not lived longer than one year. One 

 foniale, however, which was collected August 20, 1909, lived until 

 June 5, 1911. One male was placed in the jar with the female 

 shortly after she was collected, but died during the following fall or 

 winter. Another male, added in the spring of 1910 and collected 

 the same year, lived until after the female died in 1911. No eggs 

 were dfipositcid by the female in 1909 or 1910, but 22 fertile eggs 

 were fleposited in the spring of 1911. As tlie ionnile was collected 

 late in the summer (Aug. 20) it is both possible and probable 



