ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF FARMS IN PENNSYLVANIA. 19 



available to pay living expenses, interest on indebtedness, and 

 savings. The family income averaged $583 on the farms of the 

 smallest size-group, and increased with each size-group to an average 

 of $1,184 on the largest size-group. 



GENERAL FARMS. 



Table IX shows a summary of the farm business on 190 general 

 farms arranged in four groups according to size of farm. 



Table IX. — Summary of the farm business of 190 general farms, Grove City, Pa., area. 



Averages by farm area groups. 



70 acres 

 or under. 



71 to 100 

 acres. 



101 to 130 

 acres. 



Over 130 



acres. 



Number of farms . 



42 



40 



Farm area 



Crop area 



Months of labor 



Productive animal units . 

 Work stock 



Investment . . . 



Receipts 



Expenses 



Farm income 



Interest on investment at 5 per cent. 

 Labor income 



.308 

 733 

 307 

 426 

 216 

 210 



Value of farmer's labor. .. 

 Per cent on investment ' . 



283 

 3.3 



Farm income 



Value of unpaid family labor 



Family income 2 



Interest paid on indebtedness . . 



Amount available for family living. 



Crop yields per acre 3 



30 



456 



2 



454 



102 



86, 573 

 1,016 

 443 

 573 

 329 

 244 



113 



50 



15 



13 



3 



$7,388 

 1,149 

 477 

 672 

 369 

 303 



177 

 70 

 20 

 21 

 4 



$11,432 



1,755 



742 



1,013 



572 



441 



319 

 3.9 



311 

 4.9 



353 



5.8 



60 



633 



9 



624 



$672 

 67 

 739 

 11 

 728 



$1,013 



116 



1,129 



1 



1,128 



95 



103 



1 After deducting the value of farmer's labor from farm income. 



2 The sum of farm income and value of unpaid family labor, or the amount available for family living 

 had there been no interest to pay. 



3 Percentage of average for all farms. 



Here, also, it will be seen that labor income increases with size of 

 farm. The average labor income for the smallest size-group averaged 

 $210 and that of the largest size-group $441. The percentage re- 

 turned on investment ran from 3.3 to 5.8 per cent. 



It will be noted that, taken as a whole, the general farmers made 

 labor incomes averaging $12 per farm higher than those of the dairy 

 farmers. However, it will be noted that the average labor income 

 on the two groups of small-sized dairy farms was slightly higher than 

 on corresponding size-groups of the general farms. While the aver- 

 age size of the dairy farms of these two groups was slightly larger 

 than for the corresponding groups of general farms, the main reason 

 for the larger labor incomes is that the dairy business is the more 

 intensive. It is evident that the small general farms are not so well 



