BULLETIN 858, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



REQUIREMENTS FOR PRODUCING 100 POUNDS OF MILK. 



It will be noted in Table 3 that with few exceptions the dollars 

 and cents values have not been reported. Since prices of feed and 

 labor change, results are more valuable when reported in a convertible 

 form, such as pounds of feed and hours of labor. The average cost of 

 hauling purchased concentrates to the dairies was $1 a ton and the 

 average cost of grinding was 7 cents a bushel for ear corn and 4 

 cents for shelled corn and other grains. 



Table 3.- 



■TJnit requirements by seasons for producing 100 pounds of milk during the 

 two years. 



Item. 



Winter. 



Two 



win- 

 ters. 



20.0 

 18.6 



Summer.' 



Two 



1915-16 



1916-17 



1915-16 



1916-17 



mers. 



Feed: 



Purchased concentrates 



Home-grown grains 



pounds . . 

 do.... 



do.... 



do.... 



do.... 

 do.... 



do.... 



....do.... 

 dollars. . 



24.5 

 17.7 



16.5 

 19.3 



15.9 

 4.3 



13.2 

 6.5 



14.5 

 5.5 



Total concentrates 



42.2 



35.8 



38.6 



20.2 



19.7 



20.0 



Noncommercial roughage 



Commercial: 



Carbohydrate hay 



Legume hay 



23.2 



17.4 

 23.8 



13.0 



29.7 

 26.0 



17.4 



24.3 

 25.1 



.9 



2.4 

 14.9 



• 5.6 



13.2 

 16.5 



3.4 



8.2 

 15.8 



Total dry roughage 



64.4 



68.7 



66.8 



18.2 



35.3 



27.4 



Silage and other succulent roughage 



Hauling and grinding concentrates 



153.2 

 03 



143.2 

 0.03 



147.6 

 0.03 



56.4 

 0.014 

 .041 



63.2 

 0.014 

 .039 



60.1 

 0.014 

 .040 





.pounds.. 



hours. . 

 do.... 



dollars.. 

 ....do.... 



disinfeet- 



dollars . . 



do.... 



do.... 



do.... 



....do.... 



...do... 



20.3 



2.6 

 .3 



20.4 



2.5 

 .2 



20.3 



2.5 

 .3 





Labor: 



Human labor 



Horse labor 



2.2 

 .2 



2.2 



.2 



2.2 

 .2 



Overhead and other costs: 



Building charges 



Equipment charges and dairy supplies. 

 Herd charges: 



Taxes, insurance, veterinary, merlicines, 



ants, Ln 1 cow-testing association 



Interest on cow investment 



Cost of keeping bull 



0.132 



.081 



.044 

 .079 



.077 



0.104 



.005 



.043 

 .066 

 .056 



0.116 



.072 



.043 

 .072 

 .065 



0.131 



.079 



.044 

 .078 

 .066 



0.114 

 .071 



.047 

 .073 

 .051 



0.122 

 .075 



.045 

 .075 

 .058 



Total 



Depreciation on cows 



Appreciation on cows 



.413 

 .109 



.334 

 .054 



.368 

 .017 



.398 

 .108 



.356 

 .060 



.375 

 .018 



....do.... 











Total overhead and other costs 



.522 



.2S0 



.385 



.506 



. 296 



.393 



i As the study was begun in August, 1915, the summer designated as 1915-16 includes September and 

 Octol>cr of 1915 and May, June, July, and August of 1916. The summer of 1916-17 includes the correspond- 

 ing months of those years. 



Because the inventories showed a depreciation on cows the first 

 year and an increase the second, these items were not added to the 

 sum of the overhead and other costs in order that they might be more 

 easily considered separately. The fact that there was a deprecia- 

 tion shown on the herd for the first year and an increase the second 

 is due to a combination of factors. When the last inventory was 

 taken, the influence of the increase in market price of cattle during 

 the second year was apparent. Especially was this true in the case 

 of cows in their first and second lactation periods, on which there 



