PRODUCING MARKET MILK IN NORTHWESTERN INDIANA. 7 



seemed to be a greater increase in value than was warranted by 

 production due to increased age. 



On the other hand, due to the fact that most of the dairymen were 

 replacing their poorer cows with more promising younger ones, the 

 herds the second year contained a rather large proportion of heifers 

 which had freshened for the first time, which accounts for the increase 

 in value between the time they freshened and the time the second 

 inventory was taken. 



The difference between the overhead requirements per 100 pounds 

 of milk for the two years, aside from the depreciation and apprecia- 

 tion on the cows, is due mostly to a greater average production the 

 second year, which lowered the cost for each 100 pounds of milk pro- 

 duced. 



The item of bull charges includes feed, labor, and overhead costs 

 of keeping the bull. On account of the feed and labor being expressed 

 in dollars and cents, a table showing in detail the unit requirements 

 for keeping a bull in the winter and summer and for a year is pre- 

 sented on page 10*. If desired, current rates and prices may be 

 applied to these records. 



CREDITS FOR EACH 100 POUNDS OF MDLK PRODUCED. 



The credits for calves amounted during the winter periods to 

 0.012 of one calf for each 100 pounds of milk produced and during 

 the summer periods to 0.013 of one calf. In this case the credit 

 amounted to $0.12 for each 100 pounds of milk produced in winter, 

 and $0.13 per 100 pounds of summer milk. This was based on the 

 price for which they sold for veal or at the prevailing local price for 

 heifer calves at birth. 



MANURE. 



For each 100 pounds of milk produced in the two winter periods, 

 there was a credit of 332 pounds of manure, including bedding which 

 contained 1.62 pounds nitrogen, 0.53 pound commercial phos- 

 phoric acid, and 1.66 pounds potash. This was computed from the 

 manurial constituents in the feed and the methods of handling the 

 manure. 



For each 100 pounds of milk produced in the summer there was 

 a credit of 54 pounds of manure, which was assumed to be of the 

 same quality as that produced in the winter and contained 0.26 

 pound nitrogen, 0.08 pound commercial phosphoric acid, and 0.24 

 pound potash. The methods used in determining the credit for 

 manure in the winter and summer periods are treated in detail, 

 beginning on page 23 of this bulletin. 



