APPENDIX. 



COMPARISON OF THE COMPOSITION OF "PUFFY" AND NORMAL 

 LIVINGSTON GLOBE TOMATOES. 



The abnormality in tomatoes called puffiness is one in which the 

 seed cavities are affected. The fruit sounds hollow when it is patted 

 with the hand and shows external angular irregularities. Plates III 

 and IV show the angular appearance of the exterior and also the 

 characteristic appearance of the interior of the fruit. In a locality 

 where the trouble was especially pronounced one crate of tomatoes 

 was taken at random from a packing house and the number of 

 hollow and normal fruits estimated. The figures follow: Estimated 

 by the sound before cutting, normal 58, hollow 95; estimated by 

 cutting the fruit in two, normal 32, partly hollow 56, pronouncedly 

 hollow 66. 



Counts were made in order to determine whether certain plants 

 produced fruits that were all hollow and other plants produced 

 normal fruit. It appears that a single plant may produce both 

 normal and hollow fruit. There is no stage in the life history of the 

 tomato at which puffiness is a natural occurrence, but it may occur 

 on small as well as large fruit. It does not seem to affect the amount 

 of color or the time of ripening. Table X shows that although there 

 are some differences in chemical composition between normal and 

 "puffy' ; fruit there are no possible explanations to be gained from this 

 standpoint. 



Various fertilizer plats were arranged to determine the effect of 

 different amounts of nitrogen, potash, and phosphoric acid upon the 

 production of "puffy" fruit. Seven plats were set out and the fertilizer 

 mixtures were given in four applications at the rate of 1 ton to the 

 acre. The fertilizer ingredients consisted of acid phosphate, sodium 

 nitrate, and potassium sulphate, and the following ratios were used 

 on the various plats: 1 : 5 : 3; 1 : 10 : 8; 3 : 5 : 3; 3 : 10 : 8; 3 : 6 : 0; 

 7 :5 :3; and 7 : 10 : 8. 



Table X. — Composition of normal and "puffy" Livingston Globe tomatoes, 

 samples picked green, but fairly mature. 



Both 



Constituents. 



Normal fruit. 



Wet basis. Dry basis. 



"Puffy" fruit. 



Wet basis. Dry basis 



Moisture 



Total solids 



Sugar-free solids 



Total nitrogen 



Total sugar (as invert) . . . . 

 Reducing sugar (as invert) 



Starch 



Alcohol-soluble pentosans . 



Insoluble pentosans 



Crude fiber 



Carbohydrates: 



Total 



Soluble 



Insoluble 



94.36 

 5.64 

 2.93 



.140 

 2.71 

 2.40 

 .42 

 .034 

 .190 

 .55 



3.904 



2.71 



1.19 



51.95 



2.48 



48.05 



42.55 



7.44 



.602 



3.54 



9.75 



69.38 

 48.55 

 20.83 



94.32 

 5.68 

 2.84 

 .139 

 2.84 

 2.61 

 .38 

 .033 

 .197 

 .54 



3.990 



2.84 



1.15 



50.00 

 2.45 

 50.00 

 45.95 

 6.70 

 .581 

 3.47 

 9.51 



70.26 

 50. 00 

 20.26 



37 



