MAKKETING EASTERN GKAPES. 



3 



The Thirteenth Census, taken in 1909, showed a still further relo- 

 cation of production. The decrease in acreage and production in the 

 South and the Middle West continued and was particularly marked 

 in the southern and central parts of Ohio and Pennsylvania. Dur- 

 ing this period the industry assumed approximately the present areas 

 of production. Michigan, and, to a much smaller extent, Delaware, 

 Missouri, New Jersey, and North Carolina, advanced to the position 

 they hold in the industry to-day, while New York's production was 

 practically stationary. 



No official data are available as to the acreage or production at the 

 present time or the changes that have taken place since 1909, but it 

 is safe to say that the commercial acreage has been materially re- 

 duced since that year. This reduction has been most marked in New 

 York, Ohio, and in the Missouri Valley. Not only has the acreage 

 diminished, but, in the opinion of well-informed growers and fac- 

 tors, the production per acre in the leading commercial sections is 

 by no means equal to that of the early days of the twentieth century. 



Table 1 shows the carlot shipments of Eastern grapes as reported 

 to the Bureau of Markets by the various railroads on which the ship- 

 ments originated, and incidentally it discloses the effect of the severe 

 winter 1917-18 upon the commercial production. 



Table 1. 



-Carlot shipments of Eastern grapes for 1916, 1917, 1918, and 1919, as 

 reported by originating railroads. 



State. 



Arkansas . . 

 Delaware. . 



Idaho 



Iowa 



Kansas 



Michigan.. 

 Missouri. . . 

 Nebraska. . 

 New Jersey 

 New York. 



1916 



1917 



1918 



1919 



15 



8 



9 



16 



34 



69 



39 



13 







6 



4 



3 



143 



86 



68 



156 



30 



39 



14 



33 



1,849 



3,667 



1,637 



3,795 



37 



33 



26 



43 



113 



8 



2 



12 



5 



4 



1 







4,489 



4,140 



2,055 



4,215 



State. 



North Carolina 



Ohio 



Oregon 



Pennsylvania- . 



Tennessee 



Virginia 



Washington... 



Total. . . . 



1916 



1917 



1918 



13 











258 



215 



54 







2 



3 



1,012 



827 



367 



1 











2 











30 



36 



59 



8,031 



9,140 



4,338 



1919 





 108 

 4 

 1,013 

 

 

 61 



9,472 



CHANGES IN MARKET OUTLETS. 



Not only has the relative importance of various districts changed 

 materially during the last two decades, but the purpose for which 

 the grapes are used in the different sections has also undergone an 

 evolution, gradual but none the less marked. It has been mentioned 

 that toward the end of the nineteenth century the use of grapes for 

 eating purposes — for table stock — began to surpass the amounts used 

 for wine. This tendency continued until about 1907-8, when pro- 

 duction became so plentiful that even a combination of good pack- 

 ing, low prices, and intensive distribution could hardly suffice to dis- 

 pose of the crop as table stock. It was about this time that the manu- 

 facture of grape products began to assume an increasingly greater 



