POISONOUS METALS OX SPKAYED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. 13 



In 1910 Bedini (13) reported from 0.2 to 0.4 milligram of arsenious 

 oxid per kilogram in the skins of pears that had been sprayed with 

 arsenate of iron, and only a trace of arsenic in the pulp. The same 

 year Porchet (110) reported that pears sprayed with lead arsenate 

 contained as much as 0.3 milligram of arsenious oxid per kilogram 

 in both the pulp and the skin; that the skins of unsprayed pears 

 contained 0.035 milligram of arsenious oxid per kilogram of fruit; 

 that sprayed grapes contained traces of arsenic, apparently the same 

 in the interior as on the exterior of the fruit, the highest amount 

 obtained being 0.2 milligram per kilogram of grapes; and that the 

 traces of arsenic passed from the grapes into the must, but that the 

 arsenic was precipitated as sulphid during the fermentation. Chuard 

 (24) also found that the arsenic in the must was precipitated as 

 sulphid during the fermentation. 



Fetel (37), in 1910, reported that 10 samples of grapes bought on 

 the market in Algeria on August 8 and 25, September 1 and 19, and 

 October 3 contained an average of 0.038 milligram of arsenic per 

 kilogram, while unsprayed grapes, collected on August 8 and 

 September 1 and 8, contained no arsenic. Grapes sprayed twice 

 before blossoming, with a Bordeaux-sodium-arsenate mixture, and 

 gathered on August 10 and 25 and September 5 and 22, contained, 

 respectively, 0.185, 0.083, 0.074, and 0.074 milligram of arsenic per 

 kilogram. Grapes sprayed twice before flowering with arsenious 

 acid and on July 24 with Bordeaux-arsenious-acid mixtures, and 

 gathered on July 24 before and after this last spraying, on August 22, 

 and on September 15, contained, respectively, 0.056, 0.467, 0.149, 

 and 0.112 milligram of arsenic per kilogram. 



In 1909 and 1910 Brioux and Griffon (18) found 0.001, 0.001, and 

 0.004 milligram of arsenic per kilogram in three lots of pears that 

 had been sprayed with a Bordeaux-lead-arsenate mixture. They 

 also reported that, although apples which had been sprayed with 

 lead arsenate on June 8 and June 22, 1910, contained when ex- 

 amined in July 1.3 milligrams of arsenic and 14.2 milligrams of lead 

 per kilogram, yet in September, at harvest time, the apples and the 

 cider contained no lead and only traces of arsenic. 



Moreau and Vinet (92), in 1910, reported that grapes sprayed 

 with lead arsenate on May 27 and June 6 contained, respectively, on 

 June 22 and September 14, about 2 and 0.28 milligrams of lead arse- 

 nate per bunch, and that 165 grams of moist lees contained 1.38 milli- 

 grams of lead arsenate, but that the wines contained no lead or arsenic. 

 They found (93) that only 1 per ceiit of the lead arsenate which they 

 had applied on May 31 was retained by the grapes, 0.58 milligram per 

 bunch, and that with the development of the grapes a second spraying 

 was necessary on June 14 to control the first generation of the cochylis 

 larva. They also found that a spraying on August 6 to control the 



