4 BULLETIN 1032, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



An attemjJt has been made, however, after a long series of fre- 

 quent observations, to determine as closely as possible the approxi- 

 mate dates when these stages occur in their greatest abundance. 

 These dates are presented, therefore, in Table 1 for the earliest grow- 

 ing varieties, such as Early Black and McFarlin. and for the latest- 

 growing varieties, such as Howe. There seems to be considerable 

 variation in the grow^th of the varieties belonging to these two classes, 

 the height of each stage in the growth of the latest varieties gen- 

 erally coming a month after that of the earliest varieties. 



Table 1. — Phenoloc/y of the cranherry on unfloiccd bogs on the Pacific coast, 

 based on observations at Seaview, Wash., 1918 and 1919. 



Stage of development. 



Approximate date 

 of occurrence ol 

 the height of each 

 stage on — 



The ear- 

 liest va- 

 rieties. 



The la- 

 test va- 

 rieties. 



Buds breaking and new growth beginning to push forth. 



New upright growth -1- inch to J inch long 



Blossoms in "hook stage " 



Vines in full bloom 



Blossoms falling and berries setting 



Apr. 6 



Apr. 10 



May 12 



June 9 



Mav 7 



May 14 



June 14 



June 30 



June 30 July 30 



Such local influencing conditions as depth of vines, depth of the 

 underlying peat, or protection from the strong northwest wind which 

 commonly blows during much of the early growing season will, of 

 course, cause wider local variations than those here given. The 

 limits of each phenological stage are even more variable than the 

 height, it being not uncommon, for instance, to find blossoms on some 

 vines as early as May 12 and on others, many not yet fully opened, by 

 July 15. An early spring, too, would have the effect of somewhat 

 advancing the dates given in this table and a late one would prob- 

 ably delay the early stages a little, but the later stages, such as bloom- 

 ing and setting of berries, would probably be delayed to a less extent. 



INTRODUCTION OF THE BLACKHEAD FIREWORM INTO THE 



NORTHWEST. 



Although the blackhead fireworm is found on the wild cranberry ^ 

 as far as 2 miles from any cultivated vines, the severest infestations 

 in Washington and Oregon are on bogs planted originally with vines 

 from Wisconsin, New Jersey, and Massachusetts. A study of the 

 history of the cranberry inchistry on the Pacific coast and of the 



' Specimens growing wild in southwestern Washington were submitted to Dr. F. L. 

 Pickett, of the Washington .Vgricultuial Exporiment Station and were determined by 

 him as the common western cranberry, Oxycoccus (oxi/coccus) ■intermcdiiin,. with the 

 following note: "This is a little coarser than the small cranberry of the Ea.=t, and 

 bears slightly larger berries." 



