THE BLACKHEAD FIEEWORM OF GEANBERRY, 



21 



cocoon in the lower row of specimens in figure 11. The specimens in 

 the top row have been dissected from the loosely constructed cocoons 

 and show the fungous disease growing on the pupae. 



While this disease certainly causes the death of a large number 

 of pupse on bogs where it is prevalent, not too much reliance should 

 be placed on it in the control of the firewbrm, since the greatest part 

 of the damage by the fireworm is done to the vines before the time 

 when the fungous disease is growing rapidly. The weather also 

 may or may not be favorable to its rapid growth, and hence its 

 killing power and spread are likel}^ to vary considerably from one 

 season to another. 



Fig. 11. 



-Fungous disease, a species of Spicaria, growing from tlie blaclihead tireworm 

 pupae in their cocoons. Slightly enlarged. 



predacious enemies. 



Spidebs. 



On the cranberry bogs of the Pacific coast spiders of various kinds 

 are found in very large numbers and doubtless devour many fire- 

 worm larvee and moths. 



Insects. 



A large number of " ladybugs " are also seen on cranberry bogs, 

 and their presence there sometimes causes alarm to a grower who is 

 not familiar with their habits. One species, the California red 

 ladybird beetle,^" is very common, and both larvae and beetles can be 

 seen actively walking over the tips of the cranberry uprights any 



" Specimens determined by Mr. E. A. Schwarz, of the Bureau of Entomology, as 

 Coccinella calif ornica Mann. 



