28 BULLETIN 1034, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



Table 9. — Average distribution of farm expenses, etc. — Continued. 





O-wner farms. 



Tenant farms. 





1913 



1918 



Farm. 



Tenant. 



Landlord. 





1913 



1918 



1913 



1918 



1913 



1918 



COLORED FARMERS. 



Number of farms 



31 



SI, 259 



48 

 $1,995 



1.S6 

 $630 



166 

 $1, 070 



186 



$599 



166 

 $999 



1S6 



$34 



166 





$86 







Per cent of farm expense represented 

 by- 

 Wage hands 



6.2 

 6.3 



17.5 

 .4 



15.7 



6.0 

 5.9 



23.5 

 1.1 



17.7 



3.8 



4.5 



7.6 



.2 



26.7 



3.2 



4.8 



13.5 



.5 



28.6 



4.1 



4.7 



8.0 



.2 



28.1 



3.4 

 5.2 



14.5 

 .5 



30.6 







Cotton chopping and picking 



Share-cropper labor 

















' Unpaid family labor 













Total labor 



46.1 



54.2 



42.8 



50.6 



45.1 



54.2 













Repairs and depreciation of— 

 Machinery 



3.5 

 1.6 



4.4 



. 5 

 .8 

 3.0 

 .2 

 .1 

 .9 



3.0 

 1.8 

 3.5 



.3 

 .4 



1.2 

 .2 

 .4 



1.3 



2.8 

 1.2 

 1.0 



.7 



1.6 

 4.3 



.2 



.1 

 1.0 



3.8 

 2.3 

 2.6 



.1 

 .3 



1.0 

 .4 

 .2 



1.5 



2.9 



4.0 





Dwelling 



21.8 

 19.4 



■ 9.1 



29.4 



Other buildings . 







31.7 



Repairs, fences, drains and ter- 



.2 

 1.7 

 4.5 

 .2 

 .1 

 1.0 



."3' 



1.1 

 .4 

 .2 

 1.6 



1.3 



Feed, hay, etc., purchased 



Feed, grain, etc., purchased 













Breeding fees and veterinary 



Seeds and plants 





.1 

 1.9 







Fertihzer— 



Wage land 



15.1 



8.2 



13.6 



8.5 



24.4 

 3.2 



19.4 

 3.3 



25.7 

 3.3 



20.8 

 3.5 





6.3 



Cropper land 









Total fertilizer 



23.3 



22.1 



27.6 



22.7 



29.0 



24.3 





6.3 







Ginning and other machine work 

 hired 



7.0 

 3.4 

 2.3 



5.0 

 3.4 

 1.2 



6.8 



3.4 



2.5 



.6 



7.0 



2.9 



1.3 



.5 



7.2 

 .8 



2.6 

 .7 

 . 5 



3.5 



65 



7.5 

 .9 



1.4 

 .6 



1.5 



2.0 



54 



""49.'4' 



.9 



Taxes and insurance 



27.1 



Interest on loan 





Mule hire 







Cash rent 











Other expense 



2.9 

 61 



2.0 

 53 



3.4 

 53 



2.8 

 41 



.3 

 13 



1.3 



Per cent of receipts required for farm 

 expense 



11 







Figure 6 emphasizes the wisdom of the changed organization in 

 1918 over that in operation in 1913. Tlie chance of heavy loss is great- 

 est in the straight cotton type of farming, since the production of this 

 crop involves a heavy cost, which makes heavy loss certain when 

 yields or prices, or both, are low. A loss of this kind is a very serious 

 matter, as the farmer is forced to carry all his operating expenses for 

 another year before income becomes available. Change in farm 

 organization to make a reasonable income more certain each year is 

 gaining favor throughout the area. 



CAPITAL. 



The capital used in operating a farm business is made up of real 

 estate, which includes the land, buildings, and other improvements, 

 and working capital, w^hich includes the live stock, machinery, feed, 

 and cash to run the farm. When the farm is operated by the owner 

 he has the entire capital, and when operated by a tenant the tenant 



