to 



BULLETIN 1037, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 



a notice similar to that devised by one of the wheel companies 

 and cited in Bulletin No. 30 of the wood-stock committee ^^ be nailed 

 to the car, reading as follows : 



TAKE NOTICE. — Do not Close Doors.— The lumber in this car is 

 green and is carefully cross piled that there may be good circulation of 

 air through the stock. The doors are left partly open and cleated by the 

 shipper upon request of the consignee. If tlie doors are closed the stock 

 will be liable to damage in transit. 



Should this car break down in transit, making it necessary to transfer 

 the stock to another car, it should be stacked in the car in the same 

 manner and doors left open in the same way. 



The use of box cars is usually demanded by those in charge of 

 bending mills where green rim stock is to be shipped. These cars 



expose the stock to 

 less damage from 

 checking. Unless at- 

 tention is paid to 

 stripping or some 

 method of piling so as 

 to insure ventilation, 

 however, molding and 

 sap-staining may re- 

 sult. One method 

 used for the piling of 

 rim strips in cars is 

 shown in figure 26. 



Fig. 24. — Artillery spokes " ricked " in a box car. A 

 cross-piled base, strips, and open-boarded doorway are 

 important details in the provision for proper ventilation 

 of the stock while in transit. 



SUMMARY. 



It is evident that 

 the prevention of sap- 

 stain, mold, and incipient decay in green material, and in vehicle stock 

 in particular, lies in a combination of remedial factors, the following 

 being especially important: Care in the selection of raw stock in 

 order to obtain, if possible, material free from fungous infections; 

 expedition in the movement of raw stock from the felling of the logs 

 to that time in the process of manufacture when the material becomes 

 sufficiently dry to resist the attacks of fungi ; provision at all times 

 for ample ventilation of the stock that it may quickly become at least 

 surface dried, thus making it difficult for the fungous spores to obtain 

 from the exposed sapwood the moisture necessar}'^ for germination; 



^ National Implement and Vehicle Association and other Vehicle and Vehicle Parts 

 Manufacturers. Information Division of the Wagon and Vehicle Committee and the 

 Wheel Manufacturers' War Service Committee. Wood Stock Committee. Sap-stain, and 

 mold in transit. Nat. Implement and Vehicle Assoc, etc., Bui. 30, 5 p. 1918. A. B. 

 Thielens, chairman. Typewritten. 



