60 BULLETIX 1039, U. S. DEPAETIMEXT OF AGEICULTUEE. 



The yields of emnier have ranged from 24.5 bushels in 1912 to 88 

 bushels per acre in 1918. with an average of 48,1 bushels of 32 pounds 

 each per acre. The yields of Vernal emmer in pounds per acre for 

 the five years from 1915 to 1919, inclusive, are shown in Table 

 XL VIII (p. 65), which gives a comparison of the yields of the grain 

 crops. During this period Vernal emmer yielded an average of 

 1,911 pounds per acre, Kubanka wheat 1,667 pounds, Chevalier II 

 barley 2,016 pounds, and White Russian oats 1,852 poimds. Emmer 

 is used as a- feed crop and thus competes only with barley and oats. 

 The results obtained at Newell on irrigated land show that barley 

 is a more profitable feed crop than emmer. and it also has a higher 

 feeding value. 



WINTER EMMER AND SPELT. 



One variety of emmer (Buffum Black Winter) and one of spelt 

 (Brown "Winter) were grown on irrigated land along with the winter- 

 wheat varieties in 1916 and 1917. Single plats of each were sown. 

 During the winter of 1915-16 a part of these crops was winterkilled, 

 so that the stands were thin. The emmer yielded at the rate of 425 

 pounds and the spelt 100 pounds per acre. Kharkof winter wheat 

 in the same series yielded 678 pounds per acre. The winter of 1916- 

 17 was more severe, and both the emmer and spelt were almost en- 

 tirely winterkilled. The plats were disked to destroy weeds. 

 Kharkof winter wheat in the same series yielded 1.394 pounds per 

 acre. Neither winter emmer nor winter spelt are sufficiently hardy 

 to be safely grown in western South Dakota. They yield less and 

 are also less valuable than winter wheat. . 



RYE. 



Two varieties of winter rye were grown in the experiments along 

 with the winter-wheat varieties on irrigated land from 1915 to 1918, 

 inclusive. The rye was sown at the rate of 5 pecks per acre. Winter 

 rye is more hardy and consequently^ more certain than winter wheat. 

 The yields obtained from the rye were less in pounds per acre than the 

 wheat yields in all years. The average acre yield of the Swedish 

 rye during the four years was 23.6 bushels of 56 pounds each, while 

 Kharkof wheat during the same period averaged 32.6 bushels of 60 

 pounds each. 



The North Dakota No. 959 rye averaged onl}^ 0.9 bushel per acre 

 less than the Swedish. This was partly due to the former being on 

 poorer land in 1915. The North Dakota No. 959 rye is probably the 

 hardier, but both are sufficiently hardy for the climate at Newell. 



The yields of rye in comparison with Kharkof winter wheat are 

 shown in Table XLIV. 



