CONTROL OF THE CITROPHILUS MEALYBUG. 5 



fortunately the scientific name citrophiliis had been adopted as the 

 common name long before the correct determination was given. 



The eggs are deposited in a flocculent mass behind the adult female 

 and may number up to 1,000, though from 500 to 600 is the average. 

 The period of incubation during the warm season is from 7 to 10 days. 



Except in size, the larvae are similar to the adult in appearance 

 after the first molt and pass through three molts before reaching 

 maturity. The characteristic arrangement of the wax is not strik- 

 ingly noticeable until after the third molt. The immature stages of 

 the female are illustrated in figure 2, the mature stages in figure 3. 



The following description of the adult of Pseudococcus gahani is 

 by Mr. E. E. Green : ' 



Adult female thickly coated with greyish-white mealy secretion, which is 

 thinner in the folds of the segments and in the depressed areas. These de- 

 pressions are in four more or less confluent longitudinal series which are more 

 marked on the posterior half of the body. The darker color of the insect show- 

 ing through the mealy covering at these spots, produces a distinct symmetrical 

 pattern. There is a complete marginal series of 33 short conical waxy processes, 

 an anterior and posterior pair being usually larger than the others. On each 

 side of the anal orifice is a much longer, broadly laminate process which is 

 transversely curved and spirally twisted, and between these is a pair of 

 shorter processes, which together form a tube. Antenna, 8-jointed, the 8th 

 longest ; first joint strongly developed, approximately as long as it is broad ; 

 antennal formula (excluding 1st), 8 (3,2), (5,4,6,7), the last four being 

 only approximately equal and varying slightly in their relative positions in 

 the series. Limbs well developed ; tarsus approximately half the length of the 

 tibiae. Eyes prominent. Mentum distinctly biarticulate ; longer than broad; 

 terminal joint longest,, acutely pointed. Dorsal glandular pits present but rather 

 inconspicuous. Anal ring large and conspicuous, with six long stout setae. 

 Anal lobes broadly rounded; only slightly prominent; more strongly chiti- 

 nized than the surrounding parts, the margins of the chitinous area sharply 

 defined ; each with two stout conical spines, several fine hairs, some conspicuous 

 circular pores, and a terminal seta which is approximately equal in length to 

 those of the anal ring. Margins of segments, each with a small protuberance, 

 bearing similar spines, pores and hairs, all of which become smaller and less 

 conspicuous as they approach the anterior extremity. Derm with scattered, 

 small, and inconspicuous pores. Many longish hairs on under-surface of head. 

 Length, 2.50 to 3 mm. Breadth, 1.25 to 1.50 mm. 



Adult male similar in appearance to that of Ps. citri. Length, 1.50 mm. 



Though the structural characters agree somewhat closely with those of cUri, 

 the general appearance of the living insect is strikingly different, and it is of 

 a much more active habit. * * * 



Mr. Gahan observes that the insect, when irritated, exudes " a claret col- 

 oured liquid in round drops, two close to the head end and two at the tail end." 

 The exudation evidently emanates from the glandular pits that are present in 

 the positions indicated. He further remarks that the " dark-coloured secre- 

 tion soon dries, looking like a small balloon. The liquid hardens into a solid 

 substance which resembles lac or something of a similar nature." 



'' Geeen, E. E. Observations on British coccidae in 1914, with descriptions of new 

 SPECIES. In Ent. Mo. Mag., v. 51, p. 179-180. 1915. 



