﻿UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 



DEPARTMENT BULLETIN No. 1141 



Washington, D. C. 



May, 1923 



EVAPORATION OF FRUITS 



JOSEPH S. CALDWELL, 



Plant Physiologist, O'ffice of Horticultural and Pomological Investigations 



Bureau of Plant Industry 



CONTENTS 



Extent and character of !he fruit-drying industry • • • • 1 



Principles involved in drying fruits 4 



Community drying plants 7 



Buildings and equipment for drying 8 



The kiln evaporator 8 



The individual kiln 9 



The kiln-drying plant 15 



The apple-drying workroom and its equipment ... 17 



The prune tunnelevaporator 24 



The operation of the tunnel evaporator ...... 27 



Smalldriers or evaporators 35 



Treatment of the various fruits 35 



Apples 35 



Treatment of the various fruits — Continued Page 



Peaches 45 



Apricots 49 



Pears 49 



Cherries 50 



Prunes SO 



Smallfruits 54 



Storing the dried products 57 



Preparing evaporated fruits for market 58 



Packing evaporated apples 58 



Packing peaches, apricots, and pears 59 



Packing prunes 61 



Laws relating to evaporated and dried fruits ...... 62 



WASHINGTON 

 GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 



1923 



