﻿4 BULLETIiSr 1364, U. S. DEPAKTMENT OF AGEICULTTJEB 



assures the observer that he is dealing with sprayed material when 

 collecting blossoms for analyses and when watching bees at work on 

 the supposedly sprayed flowers. 



MORE EXTENDED EXPERIMENTS, WINTHROP, ME., 1914 



It seemed desirable to continue on a larger scale the experimental 

 work with the spray of lime-sulphur and lead arsenate. A large 

 isolated commercial orchard in full bloom, almost ideally located 

 three-fourths of a mile east of Winthrop, Me., was selected for that 

 purpose. The orchard, consisting of TOO apple trees, was rectangular 

 in form, bounded on the north by a 4-year-old orchard and a pasture, 

 on the west by a pasture, on the south by cleared land and a 2-year- 

 old orchard, on the east by a thicket, a lake, and a forest, and on the 

 northeast by forest. There was a small orchard one-half mile north 

 of this one and several commercial orchards one-half mile west of 

 Winthrop. No other orchards were within sight of the one described. 



Since only two small 7-frame hives of bees could be had at Win- 

 throp, eight strong colonies belonging to the Bureau of Entomology 

 were sent there by express from Philadelphia, Pa. All 10 colonies 

 were free from brood disease. 



APPLICATION OF SPRAY MIXTUEE 



Owing to a delay in the departure of the bees from Philadelphia, 

 the spraying was begun before the bees were installed in the orchard. 

 On May 25 and 26 Mr. Hinds, the owner of these trees, wishing to kill 

 certain caterpillars, sprayed his entire orchard with a mixture of 4 

 pounds of paste lead arsenate and 1 quart of lime-sulphur to each 50 

 gallons of water, applying it with a 200-gallon power sprayer. On 

 May 28 and 29, 310 of the trees, then in full bloom, were again 

 sprayed, this time with a mixture composed of 3 pounds of paste 

 lead arsenate and 1 pint of lime-sulphur to each 60 gallons of water 



To kill thelarvasof the codling moth, Oarpocapsapomonellalj., Mr. 

 Hinds again sprayed the entire orchard on June 3, 5, and 6, using 3 

 pounds of paste lead arsenate and 1 gallon of lime-sulphur to each 

 50 gallons of water. 



INSTALLATION OP BEES AND APPARATUS 



The two colonies of bees procured at Winthrop were moved on 

 May 29 from Mr. Wentworth's apiary, three-fourths of a mile north- 

 west of that town, to the sprayed orchard. So far as could be deter- 

 mined none of the bees returned to their original location. The 

 eight colonies from Philadelphia left there in the afternoon of May 

 27 and arrived at Winthrop late in the afternoon of May 29. They 

 were installed in the orchard the following morning; but, owing to 

 unfavorable weather, the bees did not have a good flight until 2 

 o'clock that day, after having been confined to the hives about 91 

 hours. 



The 10 hives were placed between rows of sprayed trees at the 

 south side, near the center of the orchard. Two sheets, each T yards 

 square, were placed beneath two large sprayed trees, to catch the 

 dead bees that fell from them. 



