﻿74 BULLETIN 1369, U. S. DEPARTMENT OP AGEICULTUEE 



Table 10.- — Adult longevity of Hypoderma lineatum at Dallas, Tex. — Continued 



Date 



Num- 

 ber 

 of 



males 



Num- 

 ber 

 of 

 fe- 

 males 



Record of death 



Lon- 

 gevity- 



Temperature , 





adults 

 emerged 



Min. 



Max. 



Aver- 

 age 



Remarks 



1921 

 Mar. 13 



Mar. 14 



Mar. 15 



1924 

 Feb. 7 



Feb. 9 

 Feb. 14 



Feb. 16 



Feb. 18 



Feb. 25 



1 

 6 



9 



2 

 3 



2 



5 



5 



2 

 3 



2 



...... 



1 

 5 



3 



1921 

 Mar. 16, 1 c?, 1 9 ; Mar. 17, 



1 9. 

 Mar. 16,1 9 ; Mar. 17,2 d^, 



1 9 ; Mar. 18, Scf, 1 9 ; 

 Mar. 19, 1 ^. 



Mar. 17,1 c?; Mar. 21,5 c?', 



2 9 ; Mar. 22, 3 c?. 



1924 

 Feb.lS.lefjMai.S.le?... 



Feb. 27,1(3^ : Mar. 1,1 cf.- 

 Feb27, 1 9; Mar.4, 2ef; 



Mar. 8,1 cf. 

 Mar. 5,1 cf; Mar. 8, 1 9; 



Mar. 10, 1 9 . 

 Feb. 27, 2 0^; Mar. 1, 3 9; 



Mar. 3,1 cf; Mar. 4.1 9; 



Mar.S.lcf; Mar. 6, Id', 



1 9. 



Mar. 6, 1 £?■; Mar. 7, 1 d', 



2 9 ; Mar. 10, 1 9 ; Mar. 

 17,3(3^. 



Dai/* 

 3 to 4 



2 to 5 

 2 to 7 



6 to 25 



18 to 21 

 13 to 23 



18 to 23 



9 to 17 



10 to 21 



°F. 

 52.0 



52.0 

 43.0 



26.5 



26.5 

 26.5 



25.0 



26.5 



25.0 



°F. 

 87.0 



87.0 

 87.0 



82.5 



82.5 

 82.5 



77.5 



77.5 



77.5 



°F. 



71.1 



74.5 

 72.1 



51.25 



50.93 

 52.55 



51. 10 



50.37 



49.41 



In lantern globes, with 

 leaves. 

 Do. 



In lantern globes, with 

 leaves. Copulated. 



In lantern globes in 

 cool rooTH. Outdoor 

 temperatures are 

 given. 



Do. 



Do. 



Do. 

 Do. 



Do. 



The longevity of H. hovis apparently does not differ much from 

 that of H. lineatum,: Specimens reared at Dallas, Tex., lived from 

 2 to 4 days in cages. In Middletown, N. Y., a number of adults 

 were kept in cages in the shade and supplied with green leaves. 

 These lived from 4 to 10 days with an average of 6 days. Speci- 

 mens of both species captured in nature live in confinement only 1 

 or 2 days. 



SEASONAL HISTORY 



There are some distinct differences in the seasonal development of 

 H. hovis and H. lineatum. These must be considered in control 

 undertakings and they will be pointed out under the several topics 

 following. Both species are essentially single brooded. 



SEASON OF ADULT ACTIVITY 



Adults of H. lineatum appear under usual conditions during the 

 first warm days of spring. The actual date necessarily ^^aries with 

 latitude and altitude as well as with local climatic conditions. It 

 appears that in the southern range of H. lineatum the period during 

 which adults of that species are active is longer than in any other 

 portion of the country. Not infrequently in southwestern Texas 

 adults begin to emerge in December and continue to appear during 

 warm periods throughout the winter. In this section the maximum 

 abundance of adults apparently occurs about the middle of Febru- 

 ary. Observations made by D. C. Parman at Uvalde, Tex., indicate 

 that during some years, at least, adults may continue to appear until 

 about April 1, thus extending the period of adult activity over about 

 four months. At Dallas, Tex., the adults rarely, if ever, emerge be- 



