﻿6 BtJLLETIN' 1393, U. S. DEPAHTMENT 01" AGElCULTUHE 



(63, pp. 139-14-1), of Missouri, in 1902, mentions granarius as the 

 only true weevil in Missouri, while in 1915 Haseman (36, p. 35) of 

 the same State records the granary weevil, and not the rice weevil, 

 among the stored-grain pests of Missouri. On the Pacific coast the 

 granary weevil is reported in 1915 by Essig (26, pp. 305-307) as 

 very common throughout the State of California. 



In the typically southern States, however, especially those border- 

 ing on the Gulf of Mexico, where weevil damage is greatest, the 

 injury is caused not by the granary weevil but by the rice weevil. 

 Quaintance (53, p. 366), in 1896, writes from Florida that "the 

 granary weevil is not sufficiently abundant to be the cause of much 

 damage," the rice weevil and the Angoumois grain moth being 

 responsible for the greater part of the injury done to stored grain. 

 Hinds (38), in 1914, in discussing the pests of stored corn in Alabama, 

 does not mention the granary weevil. Smith (63, p. 10), in 1909, 

 writing from North Carolina, states that the granary weevil "re- 

 quires only passing mention here, for the rice weevil far surpasses 

 it in numbers and destructiveness in the Southern States," and 

 Sherman (62), in 1903, also of North Carolina, does not mention 

 granarius in writing of common pests of grain. Back (1), in 1919, 

 in discussing the conservation of corn from weevil attack in the 

 Gulf Coast States, after an extended study of the stored-grain 

 situation, did not consider granarius sufficiently important in that 

 region to be mentioned. 



It is accepted, naturally, that trade carries the rice weevil well 

 into the territory of the granary weevil, particularly at the large 

 ports such as New York and London (see reports of Durrant (25) 

 in 1921), receiving cargoes of grain from warm climates. Riley 

 and Howard (58), in 1888, reviewing a paper by R. A. Philippi on 

 the changes in the fauna of Chile, caused by man, state that the two 

 grain weevils occur, and that the damage done by granarius is often 

 enormous. Doane (22, p. 312), in 1919, records the presence of 

 granarius in Australian wheat brought into the United States through 

 Pacific ports, but found that oryza was the more abundant. The 

 writers, in examining Australian wheat brought into this country at 

 Baltimore during the war period, found that it contained relatively 

 few granarius as compared with oryza. Gurney (35, p. 4-1), in 1918, 

 in discussing the insect pests of New South Wales, states that, 

 while oryza was very abujidant, granarius had been noticed twice 

 only in imported grain. Froggatt (29, p. 4^5), in 1903, writes that 

 granarius is a comparatively rare beetle: "I have met with it for 

 the first time for over a year in a packet of macaroni left at the 

 office, which was purchased at a Sydney grocer's." In South Africa, 

 oryza and not granarius is the destructive species. Lounsbury (45, 

 p. 94), writes in 1903, "The rice weevil is by far the more abundant 

 species at the cape." The statement by Herrick (37, p. 259), in 

 1914, that granarius "is a more cosmopolitan species" than oryza, 

 does not seem true to the writers, especially in these days (1923). 



Since the granary weevU has no effective wings and is by nature 

 not very active, it is found chiefly in granaries and other storehouses 

 and has become now dependent upon man for its dissemination or 

 spread. It seems very possible that, with the present-day tendency 

 to treat all infested grain and to ship only clean grain, the granary 

 weevil will become more and more scarce and may even be eliminated 

 as a serious pest of stored grain in any part of America. 



