SEMNOPITHECUS. 25 



The remaining under parts are concolorous with the upper surface, except 

 that there is occasionally a yellowish area inside the hase of the thighs, as in 

 S, cephalopterus. 



This species is confined to the mountains of Ceylon.^ Its skull is closely 

 allied to that of S. cephalopterus, hut in the only adult $ skull at my disposal 

 for observation, the face is shorter than in it, and the nasals are somewhat 

 longer. In the same skull the supraorbital ridges are more strongly marked 

 than in the skull of S. cephalopterus, but the latter is somewhat younger. The 

 palate of S. cephalopterus is narrower and longer than that of S. ursinus and 

 more posteriorly contracted, the posterior palatine foramina being more compressed 

 and reduced in capacity than in S. ursinus, in which the anterior palatine fora- 

 mina are much larger than in S. cephalopterus. In these two forms the first- 

 mentioned foramina, instead of being round as in the other Indian Semnopitheci, 

 are laterally compressed. The skull of S. ursinus is shorter and more rounded than 

 ^S'. cephalopterus, with a greater zygomatic breadth. Associated with these charac- 

 ters we find S. urmnus with nearly uniform brown fur and whitish whiskers and 

 beard, with only the faintest trace of a paler tint on the sacral region. 



The skulls of ^, cephalopterus and S. ursinus are more closely allied to the 

 skull of S. johnii than to any other Indian Semnopithecus. 



* Semnopithecus obscurus, Eeid. 



V 



Semnopithecus obscurus, B^eid, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 14; Martin, Charlesworth's Mag*. Nat. Hist. 

 new ser. vol. ii. 1838, p. 440 ; Nat. Hist. Quadrumana, 1841, p. 486 ; Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Comptes 

 Rendus, 1842, vol. xv. p. 719; Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, vol. xii. 1843, p. 176; Cantor, 

 Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, vol. xv. 1846, p. 174; Horsfield, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. vol. xvii. 1846, 

 p. 335 ; Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. Bengal, vol. xvi. 1847, p. 734; Is. Geoff. St.-Hil. Cat. Method 

 des Mammif. 1851, p. 12 ; Wagner, Schreber, Saugeth. Suppl. vol. v. 1855, p. 27, plate ii.; 

 Dahlbom, Stud. Fam. Zool. Reg. An. 1856, pp. 86, 89; Murie, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1865, p. 742 ; 

 Gray, Cat. Monkeys and Lemurs, B. M. 1870, p. 14. 



Semnopithecus albocinereus,^ Lesson Sp. des Mammif. 1840, p. 65 ; Gervais, Voy. autour du Monde, 

 Zool. vol. i. Mammif. p. 4; Plate (animal and skull) ; Schinz, Syn. Mamm, vol. i. 1844, p. 42 ; 

 Gervais, Hist. Nat. des Mammif. 1854, p. 61 ; Wagner, Schreber, Saugeth. Suppl. vol. v. 1855, 

 p. 39 (in part). 



l^reshytis obscura, Gray, Hand-list Mamm. B. M. 1843, p. 3 ; Blyth, Journ. As. Soc. vol. xiii. 1844, 

 p. 467 ; Ibid, 1875, vol. xliv. ex. no., p. 10; Cat. Mamm. As. Soc. Mus. 1863, p. 14. 



Semnopithecus leucomystax, Miiller und Schlegel, Verhandl. 1839-44, p. 59. 



Semnopithecus halonifer, Cantor, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845, vol. i. 1849, p. 235 ; Ann. and Mag. Nat. 

 Hist. vol. XV. 1845, p. 497 ; Ibid, 1846, vol. xvii. p. 335. 



The adults of this species are ashy or brownish black, darkest on the forehead 

 and the sides of the face, shoulder, and sides of the body ; the hands and feet being 



1 Forbes' Eleven Years in Ceylon, vol. ii. p. 144. 



2 As the monkey on which Desmarest's description of 8. albocinereus was founded is unknown, I shall not com- 

 plicate the synonymy by giving the references to it in the text, but they are as follows : — 



S. albocinereus, Desm. Mam. Suppl. (1822), p. 534 ; Griffith, An. King. vol. v. (1827), p. 14; Fischer, Syn. 

 Mamm. 1829 (in part), p. 20 ; Lesson Man. de Mamm. 1820, p. 38. 



D 



